Condition

Dyslipidemia

Dyslipidemia means the blood fats are out of balance, with too much LDL cholesterol or triglycerides or too little HDL, which puts extra strain on the heart and blood vessels. Omega-3s, berberine and soluble fiber have the strongest overall evidence, and trials found apolipoprotein B, a marker of cholesterol-carrying particles, improved with berberine and with oat beta-glucan. The berberine studies were small, so the evidence for those markers is moderate rather than firm.

Sources: PMID 27724985

Supplements studied: 38
Graded outcomes: 35
Trials: 50
People studied: 62,509

Evidence by supplement

Strong
Moderate
Limited
Very limited

38 supplements

Panax Ginseng (Korean Ginseng)

Panax Ginseng (Korean Ginseng): outcomes studied for Dyslipidemia
Grade	Outcome	Effect	Size	Studies	People
	Blood glucose Small Improvement	Improves (the measure goes down)	Small effect	3 studies	124 people
Studies that measured blood glucose Korean red ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) root fractions: differential effects on postprandial glycemia in healthy individualsJ Ethnopharmacol · PMID 21619921 Effect of Korean red ginseng on arterial stiffness in subjects with hypertensionJ Altern Complement Med · PMID 21235416 Effects of acute supplementation of Panax ginseng on endurance running in a hot & humid environmentIndian J Med Res · PMID 21321426
	Insulin	Changes; see studies		3 studies	182 people
Studies that measured insulin Effects of Korean Red Ginseng on Cardiovascular Risks in Subjects with Metabolic Syndrome: a Double-blind Randomized Controlled StudyKorean J Fam Med · PMID 22916320 Effects of Panax ginseng on hyperglycemia, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.J Ginseng Res · PMID 35509826 Panax ginseng has no effect on indices of glucose regulation following acute or chronic ingestion in healthy volunteersBr J Nutr · PMID 19017419
	HbA1c	Improves (the measure goes down)		2 studies	476 people
Studies that measured hba1c Ginseng therapy in non-insulin-dependent diabetic patientsDiabetes Care · PMID 8721940 Red ginseng for type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.Chin J Integr Med · PMID 22139546
	Blood Pressure	Improves (the measure goes down)			702 people
	Body Fat	Improves (the measure goes down)			106 people
	High-density lipoprotein (HDL)	Improves (the measure goes up)			753 people
	Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)	Improves (the measure goes down)			657 people
	Total cholesterol	Improves (the measure goes down)			803 people
	Triglycerides	Improves (the measure goes down)			741 people

Beta-glucans

Beta-glucans: outcomes studied for Dyslipidemia
Grade	Outcome	Effect	Size	Studies	People
	Apolipoprotein B Small Improvement	Improves (the measure goes down)	Small effect	1 study	3,926 people
Studies that measured apolipoprotein b The effect of oat β-glucan on LDL-cholesterol, non-HDL-cholesterol and apoB for CVD risk reduction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised-controlled trialsBr J Nutr · PMID 27724985
	Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)	Changes; see studies		1 study	512 people
Studies that measured low-density lipoprotein (ldl) The separate effects of whole oats and isolated beta-glucan on lipid profile: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Clin Nutr ESPEN · PMID 36657917
	High-density lipoprotein (HDL)	Improves (the measure goes up)			512 people
	Non-HDL Cholesterol	Changes; see studies			3,926 people
	Total cholesterol	Changes; see studies			512 people
	Triglycerides	Changes; see studies			512 people

Grape Seed Extract

Blood Pressure: improves
Heart Rate: improves

Grape Seed Extract: outcomes studied for Dyslipidemia
Grade	Outcome	Effect	Size	Studies	People
	Blood Pressure Small Improvement	Improves (the measure goes down)	Small effect	1 study	252 people
Studies that measured blood pressure The effect of grape seed extract on cardiovascular risk markers: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trialsJ Am Diet Assoc · PMID 21802563
	Heart Rate	Improves (the measure goes down)			156 people

Cinnamon

High-density lipoprotein (HDL): improves
Total cholesterol: improves
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL): improves

Cinnamon: outcomes studied for Dyslipidemia
Grade	Outcome	Effect	Size	Studies	People
	High-density lipoprotein (HDL) Small Improvement	Improves (the measure goes up)	Small effect		750 people
	Total cholesterol	Improves (the measure goes down)		3 studies	750 people
Studies that measured total cholesterol The effect of cinnamon supplementation on lipid profiles in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials.Complement Ther Med · PMID 33220625 The effects of cinnamon supplementation on blood lipid concentrations: A systematic review and meta-analysis.J Clin Lipidol · PMID 28887086 Effects of Cinnamon Supplementation on Lipid Profile: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Clin Nutr Res · PMID 38362130
	Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)	Improves (the measure goes down)		2 studies	750 people
Studies that measured low-density lipoprotein (ldl) Association Between Cinnamon Consumption and Risk of Cardiovascular Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Am J Med · PMID 34411521 The effect of cinnamon consumption on lipid profile, oxidative stress, and inflammation biomarkers in adults: An umbrella meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis · PMID 37500345
	Triglycerides	Improves (the measure goes down)			750 people

Spirulina

High-density lipoprotein (HDL): improves
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL): improves
Total cholesterol: improves

Spirulina: outcomes studied for Dyslipidemia
Grade	Outcome	Effect	Size	Studies	People
	High-density lipoprotein (HDL) Small Improvement	Improves (the measure goes up)	Small effect		1,076 people
	Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)	Improves (the measure goes down)		5 studies	1,076 people
Studies that measured low-density lipoprotein (ldl) Effects of spirulina and wakame consumption on intestinal cholesterol absorption and serum lipid concentrations in non-hypercholesterolemic adult men and womenEur J Nutr · 2020 · PMID 31388739 The influence of obesity on the effects of spirulina supplementation in the human metabolic response of Korean elderlyNutr Res Pract · PMID 27478549 Hepatoprotective effects of Spirulina maxima in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a case seriesJ Med Case Rep · PMID 20370930 and 2 more on the Spirulina page
	Total cholesterol	Improves (the measure goes down)		5 studies	1,076 people
Studies that measured total cholesterol The effects of spirulina on glycemic control and serum lipoproteins in patients with metabolic syndrome and related disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trialsPhytother Res · PMID 31359513 Hypolipidemic Effect of Arthrospira ( Spirulina) maxima Supplementation and a Systematic Physical Exercise Program in Overweight and Obese Men: A Double-Blind, Randomized, and Crossover Controlled TrialMar Drugs · PMID 31067674 The effects of Spirulina Platensis on anthropometric indices, appetite, lipid profile and serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in obese individuals: a randomized double blinded placebo controlled trialBMC Complement Altern Med · PMID 28431534 and 2 more on the Spirulina page
	Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC)	Improves (the measure goes up)		2 studies	78 people
Studies that measured total antioxidant capacity (tac) Wheat grass supplementation decreases oxidative stress in healthy subjects: a comparative study with spirulinaJ Altern Complement Med · 2007 · PMID 17983333 Spirulina supplementation as an adjuvant therapy in enhancement of antioxidant capacity: A systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled clinical trialsInt J Clin Pract · PMID 34235823
	Oxidative Stress Biomarkers	Improves (the measure goes down)		1 study	78 people
Studies that measured oxidative stress biomarkers Ergogenic and antioxidant effects of spirulina supplementation in humansMed Sci Sports Exerc · PMID 20010119
	Triglycerides	Improves (the measure goes down)		1 study	1,076 people
	Liver Enzymes	Changes; see studies			3 people
	Liver Fat	Improves (the measure goes down)			3 people

Berberine

Apolipoprotein B: improves
HbA1c: improves
Total cholesterol: improves

Berberine: outcomes studied for Dyslipidemia
Grade	Outcome	Effect	Size	Studies	People
	Apolipoprotein B Small Improvement	Improves (the measure goes down)	Small effect		127 people
	HbA1c	Improves (the measure goes down)		5 studies	1,156 people
Studies that measured hba1c The Effect of Berberine on Metabolic Profiles in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled TrialsOxid Med Cell Longev · PMID 34956436 Berberine in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systemic review and meta-analysisEvid Based Complement Alternat Med · PMID 23118793 Treatment of type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia with the natural plant alkaloid berberineJ Clin Endocrinol Metab · PMID 18397984 and 2 more on the Berberine page
	Total cholesterol	Improves (the measure goes down)		3 studies	2,804 people
Studies that measured total cholesterol Overall and Sex-Specific Effect of Berberine for the Treatment of Dyslipidemia in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trials.Drugs · PMID 36941490 Efficacy and safety of berberine for several cardiovascular diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Phytomedicine · PMID 36805484 The Effect of Berberine on Reproduction and Metabolism in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Control Trials.Evid Based Complement Alternat Med · PMID 31915452
	High-density lipoprotein (HDL)	Improves (the measure goes up)		2 studies	2,784 people
Studies that measured high-density lipoprotein (hdl) Effects of berberine on lipid profile in subjects with low cardiovascular riskExpert Opin Biol Ther · 2013 · PMID 23441841 The effects of berberine supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in adults: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.Front Nutr · PMID 36313096
	Triglycerides	Improves (the measure goes down)		1 study	3,004 people
Studies that measured triglycerides Efficacy and Safety of Berberine Alone for Several Metabolic Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.Front Pharmacol · 2021 · PMID 33981233
	Blood glucose	Improves (the measure goes down)			2,713 people
	Blood Pressure	Improves (the measure goes down)			1,426 people
	Insulin	Changes; see studies			1,138 people
	Insulin Resistance	Improves (the measure goes down)			1,119 people
	Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)	Improves (the measure goes down)			2,824 people

Resveratrol

Adiponectin: improves
Weight: improves
Total cholesterol: improves

Resveratrol: outcomes studied for Dyslipidemia
Grade	Outcome	Effect	Size	Studies	People
	Adiponectin Small Increase	Improves (the measure goes up)	Small effect		285 people
	Weight	Improves (the measure goes down)		3 studies	582 people
Studies that measured weight Resveratrol supplementation significantly influences obesity measures: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Obes Rev · PMID 30515938 Efficacy of Resveratrol Supplementation on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic ReviewFront Physiol · PMID 35431994 A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials on the Impact of Resveratrol Supplementation on Anthropometric Indices in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes.Phytother Res · PMID 40842160
	Total cholesterol	Improves (the measure goes down)		2 studies	863 people
Studies that measured total cholesterol The effects of resveratrol on glycemic control and cardiometabolic parameters in patients with T2DM: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Med Clin · PMID 34666902 Effect of Resveratrol on Blood Lipid Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Obesity · PMID 30569644
	Glycemic Control	Improves (the measure goes up)		1 study	541 people
Studies that measured glycemic control Pilot Study of Resveratrol in Older Adults With Impaired Glucose ToleranceJ Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci · PMID 22219517
	Body Fat	Improves (the measure goes down)			1,171 people
	HbA1c	Improves (the measure goes down)			444 people
	High-density lipoprotein (HDL)	Improves (the measure goes up)			793 people
	Leptin	Improves (the measure goes up)			271 people
	Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)	Improves (the measure goes down)			791 people
	Waist circumference	Improves (the measure goes down)			335 people

Chromium

Blood glucose: improves
Weight: improves
Glycemic Control: improves

Chromium: outcomes studied for Dyslipidemia
Grade	Outcome	Effect	Size	Studies	People
	Blood glucose Small Improvement	Improves (the measure goes down)	Small effect	6 studies	20 people
Studies that measured blood glucose Effects of acute chromium supplementation on postprandial metabolism in healthy young menJ Am Coll Nutr · 2004 · PMID 15310739 Effect of Chromium Supplementation on Blood Glucose and Lipid Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysisBiol Trace Elem Res · PMID 33783683 Beneficial effects of oral chromium picolinate supplementation on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized clinical studyJ Trace Elem Med Biol · PMID 26302914 and 3 more on the Chromium page
	Weight	Improves (the measure goes down)		12 studies	20 people
Studies that measured weight Chromium picolinate supplementation in women: effects on body weight, composition, and iron statusNutrition · PMID 17291720 Effect of resistance training with or without chromium picolinate supplementation on glucose metabolism in older men and womenMetabolism · PMID 10337851 Chromium supplementation shortens QTc interval duration in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitusAm Heart J · PMID 15990745 and 9 more on the Chromium page
	Glycemic Control	Improves (the measure goes up)		9 studies	20 people
Studies that measured glycemic control The effects of inorganic chromium and brewer's yeast on glucose tolerance, plasma lipids, and plasma chromium in elderly subjectsAm J Clin Nutr · 1985 · PMID 3898805 Chromium picolinate supplementation attenuates body weight gain and increases insulin sensitivity in subjects with type 2 diabetesDiabetes Care · PMID 16873787 Chromium treatment has no effect in patients with type 2 diabetes in a Western population: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trialDiabetes Care · PMID 17303791 and 6 more on the Chromium page
	HbA1c	Improves (the measure goes down)		4 studies	20 people
Studies that measured hba1c Potential antioxidant effects of zinc and chromium supplementation in people with type 2 diabetes mellitusJ Am Coll Nutr · PMID 11444416 Lack of effect of chromium supplementation on mental state and body weight in people with schizophreniaJ Clin Psychopharmacol · PMID 16974208 Chromium picolinate does not improve key features of metabolic syndrome in obese nondiabetic adultsMetab Syndr Relat Disord · PMID 19422140 and 1 more on the Chromium page
	High-density lipoprotein (HDL)	Improves (the measure goes up)		1 study	7,302 people
Studies that measured high-density lipoprotein (hdl) Effect of supplementation with chromium picolinate on antibody titers to 5-hydroxymethyl uracilEur J Epidemiol · PMID 9794131
	Insulin	Changes; see studies		1 study	20 people
	Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)	Improves (the measure goes down)		1 study	7,302 people
	Total cholesterol	Improves (the measure goes down)		1 study	7,302 people
	Resistin	Improves (the measure goes up)			20 people
	Triglycerides	Improves (the measure goes down)			7,302 people

Coenzyme Q10

Blood Flow: improves
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers: improves
Blood Pressure: improves

Coenzyme Q10: outcomes studied for Dyslipidemia
Grade	Outcome	Effect	Size	Studies	People
	Blood Flow Small Increase	Improves (the measure goes up)	Small effect	2 studies	40 people
Studies that measured blood flow Coenzyme Q10 and exercise training in chronic heart failureEur Heart J · PMID 16882678 Effect of coenzyme Q10 administration on endothelial function and extracellular superoxide dismutase in patients with ischaemic heart disease: a double-blind, randomized controlled studyEur Heart J · PMID 17644511
	Oxidative Stress Biomarkers	Improves (the measure goes down)		9 studies	40 people
Studies that measured oxidative stress biomarkers Oxidative stress correlates with headache symptoms in fibromyalgia: coenzyme Q₁₀ effect on clinical improvementPLoS One · PMID 22532869 Coenzyme Q10 supplementation alleviates pain in pregabalin-treated fibromyalgia patients via reducing brain activity and mitochondrial dysfunctionFree Radic Res · PMID 31387429 Reversal of mitochondrial dysfunction by coenzyme Q10 supplement improves endothelial function in patients with ischaemic left ventricular systolic dysfunction: a randomized controlled trialAtherosclerosis · PMID 21388622 and 6 more on the Coenzyme Q10 page
	Blood Pressure	Improves (the measure goes down)		4 studies	40 people
Studies that measured blood pressure Dose-Response Effect of Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation on Blood Pressure among Patients with Cardiometabolic Disorders: A Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE)-Assessed Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Adv Nutr · PMID 36130103 Electrocardiographic and hemodynamic effects of coenzyme Q10 in healthy individuals: a double-blind, randomized controlled trialAnn Pharmacother · PMID 17341532 Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of coenzyme Q10 in isolated systolic hypertensionSouth Med J · PMID 11780680 and 1 more on the Coenzyme Q10 page
	HbA1c	Improves (the measure goes down)		2 studies	40 people
Studies that measured hba1c Coenzyme Q(10) improves endothelial dysfunction of the brachial artery in Type II diabetes mellitusDiabetologia · PMID 11914748 Coenzyme Q10 improves blood pressure and glycaemic control: a controlled trial in subjects with type 2 diabetesEur J Clin Nutr · PMID 12428181

Niacin (Vitamin B3)

Apolipoprotein A: improves
Apolipoprotein B: improves
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL): improves

Niacin (Vitamin B3): outcomes studied for Dyslipidemia
Grade	Outcome	Effect	Size	Studies	People
	Apolipoprotein A Small Increase	Improves (the measure goes up)	Small effect	1 study	157 people
Studies that measured apolipoprotein a Niacin in patients with low HDL cholesterol levels receiving intensive statin therapyN Engl J Med · PMID 22085343
	Apolipoprotein B	Improves (the measure goes down)		3 studies	157 people
Studies that measured apolipoprotein b Niacin, but not gemfibrozil, selectively increases LP-AI, a cardioprotective subfraction of HDL, in patients with low HDL cholesterolArterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol · PMID 11701466 Effect of fenofibrate and niacin on intrahepatic triglyceride content, very low-density lipoprotein kinetics, and insulin action in obese subjects with nonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseJ Clin Endocrinol Metab · PMID 20371660 Effects of niacin on apo A1 and B levels: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.Br J Nutr · PMID 38112076
	Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)	Improves (the measure goes down)		2 studies	18 people
Studies that measured low-density lipoprotein (ldl) Extended-release niacin raises adiponectin and leptinAtherosclerosis · PMID 16887123 Effects of nicotinic acid on insulin sensitivity and blood pressure in healthy subjectsJ Hum Hypertens · PMID 10980588
	Total cholesterol	Improves (the measure goes down)		2 studies	139 people
Studies that measured total cholesterol Clofibrate and niacin in coronary heart diseaseJAMA · PMID 1088963 Effectiveness of niacin supplementation for patients with type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trialsMedicine · PMID 32702899
	Blood glucose	Improves (the measure goes down)		1 study	18 people
Studies that measured blood glucose Short-term effects of extended-release niacin with and without the addition of laropiprant on endothelial function in individuals with low HDL-C: a randomized, controlled crossover trialClin Ther · PMID 24768191
	High-density lipoprotein (HDL)	Improves (the measure goes up)		1 study	157 people
	Bilirubin	Changes; see studies			18 people
	Blood Flow	Improves (the measure goes up)			18 people
	C-Reactive Protein (CRP)	Improves (the measure goes down)			18 people
	Triglycerides	Improves (the measure goes down)			157 people

DHEA

Cortisol: improves
Estrogen: changes; see studies
Testosterone: improves

DHEA: outcomes studied for Dyslipidemia
Grade	Outcome	Effect	Size	Studies	People
	Cortisol Small Decrease	Improves (the measure goes down)	Small effect	1 study	50 people
Studies that measured cortisol Dhea supplementation and cognition in postmenopausal womenInt J Neurosci · PMID 16393880
	Estrogen	Changes; see studies		8 studies	50 people
Studies that measured estrogen Dehydroepiandrosterone combined with exercise improves muscle strength and physical function in frail older womenJ Am Geriatr Soc · PMID 20863330 Dehydroepiandrosterone replacement in healthy men with age-related decline of DHEA-S: effects on fat distribution, insulin sensitivity and lipid metabolismAging Male · PMID 14628495 Short-term dehydroepiandrosterone treatment increases platelet cGMP production in elderly male subjectsClin Endocrinol · PMID 16487434 and 5 more on the DHEA page
	Testosterone	Improves (the measure goes up)		3 studies	50 people
Studies that measured testosterone Effects of dehydroepiandrosterone supplementation on cognitive function and activities of daily living in older women with mild to moderate cognitive impairmentGeriatr Gerontol Int · PMID 20497239 Androgens and sexual function: a placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind study of testosterone vs. dehydroepiandrosterone in men with sexual dysfunction and androgen deficiencyAging Male · PMID 19883295 A dose-response and meta-analysis of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) supplementation on testosterone levels: perinatal prediction of randomized clinical trials.Exp Gerontol · PMID 33045358
	Muscle Mass	Improves (the measure goes up)		2 studies	50 people
Studies that measured muscle mass Oral dehydroepiandrosterone replacement in older adults: effects on central adiposity, glucose metabolism and blood lipidsClin Endocrinol · PMID 21521341 Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) effects on HIV replication and host immunity: a randomized placebo-controlled studyAIDS Res Hum Retroviruses · PMID 17263636
	Serum DHEA	Improves (the measure goes up)		2 studies	50 people
Studies that measured serum dhea Effects of dehydroepiandrosterone vs androstenedione supplementation in menMed Sci Sports Exerc · PMID 10613429 Effect of acute DHEA administration on free testosterone in middle-aged and young men following high-intensity interval trainingEur J Appl Physiol · PMID 23417481
	Sex Hormone Binding Globulin	Improves (the measure goes up)			50 people
	Sleep Quality	Improves (the measure goes up)			50 people
	Total cholesterol	Improves (the measure goes down)			50 people

Psyllium

Blood glucose: improves
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL): improves
Total cholesterol: improves

Psyllium: outcomes studied for Dyslipidemia
Grade	Outcome	Effect	Size	Studies	People
	Blood glucose Small Improvement	Improves (the measure goes down)	Small effect	1 study	58 people
Studies that measured blood glucose The effect of psyllium on fasting blood sugar, HbA1c, HOMA IR, and insulin control: a GRADE-assessed systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.BMC Endocr Disord · PMID 38844885
	Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)	Improves (the measure goes down)		5 studies	58 people
Studies that measured low-density lipoprotein (ldl) Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, two-period crossover clinical trial of psyllium fiber in children with hypercholesterolemiaJ Pediatr · PMID 8391569 Therapeutic effects of psyllium in type 2 diabetic patientsEur J Clin Nutr · PMID 12209371 Lipid- and glucose-lowering efficacy of Plantago Psyllium in type II diabetesJ Diabetes Complications · PMID 9747644 and 2 more on the Psyllium page
	Total cholesterol	Improves (the measure goes down)		3 studies	58 people
Studies that measured total cholesterol Cholesterol-lowering effects of soluble-fiber cereals as part of a prudent diet for patients with mild to moderate hypercholesterolemiaAm J Clin Nutr · PMID 2173390 The effects of psyllium on lipoproteins in type II diabetic patientsEur J Clin Nutr · PMID 19623196 Galactomannans are the most effective soluble dietary fibers in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Am J Clin Nutr · PMID 36811560
	Weight	Improves (the measure goes down)		3 studies	58 people
Studies that measured weight Psyllium is a natural nonfermented gel-forming fiber that is effective for weight loss: A comprehensive review and meta-analysis.J Am Assoc Nurse Pract · PMID 37163454 Comparative effects of nutraceuticals on body weight in adults with overweight or obesity: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of 111 randomized clinical trials.Pharmacol Res · PMID 37778464 Influence of sibutramine, orlistat and Ispaghula in reducing body weight and total body fat content in obese individualsJ Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad · PMID 20524467
	Blood Pressure	Improves (the measure goes down)		1 study	58 people
Studies that measured blood pressure The effect of psyllium consumption on blood pressure: Systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Food Sci Nutr · PMID 39479650

Creatine

Blood glucose: improves
Weight: improves
Creatinine: improves

Creatine: outcomes studied for Dyslipidemia
Outcome	Effect	Size	Studies	People
Blood glucose Small Improvement	Improves (the measure goes down)	Small effect	1 study	34 people
Weight	Improves (the measure goes down)		10 studies	34 people
Creatinine	Improves (the measure goes up)		3 studies	34 people
Total cholesterol	Improves (the measure goes down)		2 studies	34 people
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)	Improves (the measure goes down)		1 study	34 people
High-density lipoprotein (HDL)	Improves (the measure goes up)			34 people
Triglycerides	Improves (the measure goes down)			34 people
Urea	Improves (the measure goes up)			34 people
vLDL-C	Improves (the measure goes down)			34 people

Amla

Blood glucose: improves
Triglycerides: changes; see studies
High-density lipoprotein (HDL): improves

Amla: outcomes studied for Dyslipidemia
Outcome	Effect	Size	Studies	People
Blood glucose Moderate improvement in blood glucose	Improves (the measure goes down)	Moderate effect		32 people
Triglycerides	Changes; see studies		1 study	32 people
High-density lipoprotein (HDL)	Improves (the measure goes up)			32 people
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)	Changes; see studies			32 people
Total cholesterol	Changes; see studies			32 people

Red Clover Extract

Apolipoprotein B: improves
High-density lipoprotein (HDL): improves

Red Clover Extract: outcomes studied for Dyslipidemia
Grade	Outcome	Effect	Size	Studies	People	Studies list
	Apolipoprotein B Small Improvement	Improves (the measure goes down)	Small effect		50 people
	High-density lipoprotein (HDL)	Improves (the measure goes up)		6 studies	50 people

Policosanol

High-density lipoprotein (HDL): improves
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL): improves
Total cholesterol: improves

Policosanol: outcomes studied for Dyslipidemia
Outcome	Effect	Size	Studies	People
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) Small Improvement	Improves (the measure goes up)	Small effect		64 people
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)	Improves (the measure goes down)		10 studies	85 people
Total cholesterol	Improves (the measure goes down)		3 studies	64 people
LDL Oxidation	Improves (the measure goes down)		2 studies	69 people
Triglycerides	Improves (the measure goes down)			64 people

Curcumin

Anti-Oxidant Enzyme Profile: improves
Blood glucose: improves
Triglycerides: improves

Curcumin: outcomes studied for Dyslipidemia
Outcome	Effect	Size	Studies	People
Anti-Oxidant Enzyme Profile Moderate Increase	Improves (the measure goes up)	Moderate effect		60 people
Blood glucose	Improves (the measure goes down)		18 studies	244 people
Triglycerides	Improves (the measure goes down)		9 studies	4,051 people
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers	Improves (the measure goes down)		6 studies	60 people
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)	Improves (the measure goes down)		5 studies	4,051 people
Weight	Improves (the measure goes down)		5 studies	42 people
Total cholesterol	Improves (the measure goes down)		4 studies	4,051 people
Liver Enzymes	Changes; see studies		3 studies	102 people
Insulin	Changes; see studies		2 studies	204 people
Uric Acid	Improves (the measure goes down)		2 studies	102 people
Interleukin 6	Improves (the measure goes down)		1 study	42 people
Apolipoprotein A	Improves (the measure goes up)			4,051 people
Apolipoprotein B	Improves (the measure goes down)			4,051 people
C-Reactive Protein (CRP)	Improves (the measure goes down)			142 people
Ferritin	Improves (the measure goes up)			42 people
Glycemic Control	Improves (the measure goes up)			204 people
HbA1c	Improves (the measure goes down)			162 people
High-density lipoprotein (HDL)	Improves (the measure goes up)			4,051 people
Kidney Function	Improves (the measure goes up)			60 people
Serum Albumin	Improves (the measure goes up)			60 people
Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC)	Improves (the measure goes up)			60 people
Urea	Improves (the measure goes up)			60 people
vLDL-C	Improves (the measure goes down)			100 people

Green Tea Extract

High-density lipoprotein (HDL)
Total cholesterol: improves
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL): improves

Green Tea Extract: outcomes studied for Dyslipidemia
Outcome	Effect	Size	Studies	People
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) No effect		NoneNo effect	1 study	3,073 people
Total cholesterol	Improves (the measure goes down)		2 studies	3,024 people
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)	Improves (the measure goes down)		1 study	3,005 people
Triglycerides	Improves (the measure goes down)			33 people

Taurine

Body Mass Index (BMI)
HbA1c: improves
Insulin Resistance: improves

Taurine: outcomes studied for Dyslipidemia
Outcome	Effect	Size	Studies	People
Body Mass Index (BMI) No effect		NoneNo effect	1 study	349 people
HbA1c	Improves (the measure goes down)			330 people
Insulin Resistance	Improves (the measure goes down)			285 people
Total cholesterol	Improves (the measure goes down)			318 people
Triglycerides	Improves (the measure goes down)			318 people

Chlorella

Blood glucose
Blood Pressure: improves
Body Mass Index (BMI): improves

Chlorella: outcomes studied for Dyslipidemia
Outcome	Effect	Size	Studies	People
Blood glucose No effect		NoneNo effect	1 study	255 people
Blood Pressure	Improves (the measure goes down)		3 studies	797 people
Body Mass Index (BMI)	Improves (the measure goes down)			797 people
High-density lipoprotein (HDL)	Improves (the measure goes up)			797 people
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)	Improves (the measure goes down)			797 people
Total cholesterol	Improves (the measure goes down)			797 people
Triglycerides	Improves (the measure goes down)			797 people

Biotin (Vitamin B7)

Blood glucose

Biotin (Vitamin B7): outcomes studied for Dyslipidemia
Grade	Outcome	Effect	Size	Studies	People	Studies list
	Blood glucose No effect		NoneNo effect	1 study	33 people

Artichoke Extract

High-density lipoprotein (HDL)
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL): changes; see studies
Triglycerides: changes; see studies

Artichoke Extract: outcomes studied for Dyslipidemia
Outcome	Effect	Size	Studies	People
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) No effect		NoneNo effect		820 people
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)	Changes; see studies		4 studies	820 people
Triglycerides	Changes; see studies		3 studies	820 people
Liver Enzymes	Changes; see studies			2,509 people
Total cholesterol	Changes; see studies			820 people

Fish Oil

Apolipoprotein A
Triglycerides: improves
High-density lipoprotein (HDL): improves

Fish Oil: outcomes studied for Dyslipidemia
Outcome	Effect	Size	Studies	People
Apolipoprotein A No effect		NoneNo effect		81 people
Triglycerides	Improves (the measure goes down)		24 studies	530 people
High-density lipoprotein (HDL)	Improves (the measure goes up)		7 studies	468 people
Weight	Improves (the measure goes down)		7 studies	167 people
C-Reactive Protein (CRP)	Improves (the measure goes down)		4 studies	51 people
Inflammation	Improves (the measure goes down)		4 studies	30 people
Insulin	Changes; see studies		4 studies	62 people
Blood Pressure	Improves (the measure goes down)		2 studies	155 people
Cell Adhesion Factors	Improves (the measure goes down)		2 studies	206 people
Cortisol	Improves (the measure goes down)		2 studies	30 people
HbA1c	Improves (the measure goes down)		2 studies	50 people
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)	Improves (the measure goes down)		1 study	468 people
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers	Improves (the measure goes down)		1 study	101 people
Platelet Aggregation	Changes; see studies		1 study	30 people
Apolipoprotein B	Improves (the measure goes down)			81 people
Blood glucose	Improves (the measure goes down)			62 people
DNA Damage	Changes; see studies			51 people
Total cholesterol	Improves (the measure goes down)			407 people
vLDL-C	Improves (the measure goes down)			31 people

Red Yeast Rice

Apolipoprotein A
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL): improves
Apolipoprotein B: improves

Red Yeast Rice: outcomes studied for Dyslipidemia
Outcome	Effect	Size	Studies	People
Apolipoprotein A No effect		NoneNo effect		1,012 people
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)	Improves (the measure goes down)		2 studies	1,012 people
Apolipoprotein B	Improves (the measure goes down)			1,012 people
High-density lipoprotein (HDL)	Improves (the measure goes up)			1,012 people
Total cholesterol	Improves (the measure goes down)			1,012 people
Triglycerides	Improves (the measure goes down)			1,012 people

Vitamin C

High-density lipoprotein (HDL)
Triglycerides: improves
Total cholesterol: improves

Vitamin C: outcomes studied for Dyslipidemia
Outcome	Effect	Size	Studies	People
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) No effect		NoneNo effect		439 people
Triglycerides	Improves (the measure goes down)		5 studies	439 people
Total cholesterol	Improves (the measure goes down)		2 studies	439 people
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)	Improves (the measure goes down)			439 people

Garcinia

Apolipoprotein B
Weight: improves
Food Intake: changes; see studies

Garcinia: outcomes studied for Dyslipidemia
Outcome	Effect	Size	Studies	People
Apolipoprotein B No effect		NoneNo effect		86 people
Weight	Improves (the measure goes down)		2 studies	86 people
Food Intake	Changes; see studies		1 study	86 people
High-density lipoprotein (HDL)	Improves (the measure goes up)			86 people
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)	Improves (the measure goes down)			86 people
Total cholesterol	Improves (the measure goes down)			86 people
Triglycerides	Improves (the measure goes down)			86 people

Inulin

High-density lipoprotein (HDL)
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL): improves
Total cholesterol: improves

Inulin: outcomes studied for Dyslipidemia
Outcome	Effect	Size	Studies	People
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) No effect		NoneNo effect		599 people
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)	Improves (the measure goes down)		1 study	607 people
Total cholesterol	Improves (the measure goes down)			607 people
Triglycerides	Improves (the measure goes down)			585 people

Yacon

Blood glucose
Total cholesterol: improves
Glycemic Control: improves

Yacon: outcomes studied for Dyslipidemia
Outcome	Effect	Size	Studies	People
Blood glucose No effect		NoneNo effect		35 people
Total cholesterol	Improves (the measure goes down)		1 study	35 people
Glycemic Control	Improves (the measure goes up)			35 people
High-density lipoprotein (HDL)	Improves (the measure goes up)			35 people
Insulin	Changes; see studies			35 people
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)	Improves (the measure goes down)			35 people
Triglycerides	Improves (the measure goes down)			35 people
Weight	Improves (the measure goes down)			35 people

Bitter Cucumber

High-density lipoprotein (HDL)
Liver Enzymes: changes; see studies
Triglycerides: changes; see studies

Bitter Cucumber: outcomes studied for Dyslipidemia
Outcome	Effect	Size	Studies	People
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) No effect		NoneNo effect		100 people
Liver Enzymes	Changes; see studies		1 study	100 people
Triglycerides	Changes; see studies		1 study	100 people
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)	Changes; see studies			100 people
Total cholesterol	Changes; see studies			100 people

Arginine

C-Reactive Protein (CRP)
Total cholesterol: changes; see studies
Triglycerides: changes; see studies

Arginine: outcomes studied for Dyslipidemia
Outcome	Effect	Size	Studies	People
C-Reactive Protein (CRP) No effect		NoneNo effect		643 people
Total cholesterol	Changes; see studies		1 study	643 people
Triglycerides	Changes; see studies		1 study	643 people
High-density lipoprotein (HDL)	Improves (the measure goes up)			643 people
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)	Changes; see studies			643 people
TNF-Alpha	Changes; see studies			643 people

L-Carnitine

Apolipoprotein A
High-density lipoprotein (HDL): improves
Total cholesterol: improves

L-Carnitine: outcomes studied for Dyslipidemia
Outcome	Effect	Size	Studies	People
Apolipoprotein A No effect		NoneNo effect		93 people
High-density lipoprotein (HDL)	Improves (the measure goes up)		12 studies	178 people
Total cholesterol	Improves (the measure goes down)		6 studies	190 people
Blood glucose	Improves (the measure goes down)		5 studies	120 people
Triglycerides	Improves (the measure goes down)		4 studies	178 people
HbA1c	Improves (the measure goes down)		1 study	35 people
Weight	Improves (the measure goes down)		1 study	85 people
Apolipoprotein B	Improves (the measure goes down)			93 people
Glycemic Control	Improves (the measure goes up)			12 people
Lipoprotein(a)	Improves (the measure goes up)			93 people
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)	Improves (the measure goes down)			178 people

Evening Primrose Oil

High-density lipoprotein (HDL)
Total cholesterol: improves
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL): improves

Evening Primrose Oil: outcomes studied for Dyslipidemia
Outcome	Effect	Size	Studies	People
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) No effect		NoneNo effect		201 people
Total cholesterol	Improves (the measure goes down)		1 study	201 people
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)	Improves (the measure goes down)			155 people
Triglycerides	Improves (the measure goes down)			201 people

Alpha-Linolenic Acid (ALA)

High-density lipoprotein (HDL)
Triglycerides: changes; see studies
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL): changes; see studies

Alpha-Linolenic Acid (ALA): outcomes studied for Dyslipidemia
Outcome	Effect	Size	Studies	People
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) No effect on HDL cholesterol		NoneNo effect		2,640 people
Triglycerides	Changes; see studies		3 studies	2,630 people
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)	Changes; see studies			2,640 people
Total cholesterol	Changes; see studies			2,630 people
Total-/HDL-cholesterol ratio	Changes; see studies			726 people
vLDL-C	Changes; see studies			337 people

Inositol

High-density lipoprotein (HDL)
Triglycerides: improves
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL): improves

Inositol: outcomes studied for Dyslipidemia
Outcome	Effect	Size	Studies	People
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) No effect		NoneNo effect		757 people
Triglycerides	Improves (the measure goes down)		1 study	819 people
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)	Improves (the measure goes down)			346 people
Total cholesterol	Improves (the measure goes down)			819 people

Boron

Blood glucose
C-Reactive Protein (CRP): changes; see studies
Total cholesterol: changes; see studies

Boron: outcomes studied for Dyslipidemia
Outcome	Effect	Size	Studies	People
Blood glucose No effect		NoneNo effect		90 people
C-Reactive Protein (CRP)	Changes; see studies		3 studies	90 people
Total cholesterol	Changes; see studies		1 study	90 people
Triglycerides	Changes; see studies		1 study	90 people
High-density lipoprotein (HDL)	Improves (the measure goes up)			90 people
Homocysteine	Changes; see studies			90 people
Interleukin 1-beta	Changes; see studies			90 people
Interleukin 6	Changes; see studies			90 people
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)	Changes; see studies			90 people
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1	Improves (the measure goes up)			90 people

Green Coffee Extract

C-Reactive Protein (CRP): improves

Green Coffee Extract: outcomes studied for Dyslipidemia
Grade	Outcome	Effect	Size	Studies	People	Studies list
	C-Reactive Protein (CRP)	Improves (the measure goes down)		1 study	265 people

Pyruvate

Body Fat: improves

Pyruvate: outcomes studied for Dyslipidemia
Grade	Outcome	Effect	Size	Studies	People	Studies list
	Body Fat	Improves (the measure goes down)		1 study	23 people

Elderberry

Total cholesterol: improves

Elderberry: outcomes studied for Dyslipidemia
Grade	Outcome	Effect	Size	Studies	People	Studies list
	Total cholesterol	Improves (the measure goes down)		1 study	34 people

Key findings

Blood glucosePanax Ginseng (Korean Ginseng)Improves (the measure goes down)
Apolipoprotein BBeta-glucansImproves (the measure goes down)
Blood PressureGrape Seed ExtractImproves (the measure goes down)

The Dyslipidemia (High Cholesterol & Triglycerides) protocol

2 primary supplements · 4 supporting supplements

Omega-3 Fatty Acids2–4 g EPA/DHA daily (for triglycerides)
Berberine500 mg 2–3× daily with meals

See the full protocol

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Studies cited

15 studies from PubMed

Effects of artichoke leaf extract supplementation or artichoke juice consumption on lipid profile: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trialsPhytother Res · PMID 34569671
Artichoke leaf extract for treating hypercholesterolaemia.Cochrane Database Syst Rev · PMID 23543518
Effects of different natural products in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease-A network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Phytother Res · PMID 38886838
Ketogenic Diet Benefits to Weight Loss, Glycemic Control, and Lipid Profiles in Overweight Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trails.Int J Environ Res Public Health · PMID 36012064
Effect of a low-carbohydrate diet on appetite, blood glucose levels, and insulin resistance in obese patients with type 2 diabetesAnn Intern Med · PMID 15767618
Consumption of yerba mate ( Ilex paraguariensis ) improves serum lipid parameters in healthy dyslipidemic subjects and provides an additional LDL-cholesterol reduction in individuals on statin therapyJ Agric Food Chem · PMID 19694438
Association of mate tea (Ilex paraguariensis) intake and dietary intervention and effects on oxidative stress biomarkers of dyslipidemic subjectsNutrition · PMID 22578980
Changes in the phenolic content of low density lipoprotein after olive oil consumption in men. A randomized crossover controlled trialBr J Nutr · PMID 17617938
Garlic consumption can reduce the risk of dyslipidemia: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.J Health Popul Nutr · PMID 39113105
Changes in platelet function and susceptibility of lipoproteins to oxidation associated with administration of aged garlic extractJ Cardiovasc Pharmacol · PMID 9641475
The effect of honey on lipid profiles: a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials.Br J Nutr · PMID 34218823
Effects of phytosterol-rich foods on lipid profile and inflammatory markers in patients with hyperlipidemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Front Pharmacol · PMID 40672367
Consumption of a defined, plant-based diet reduces lipoprotein(a), inflammation, and other atherogenic lipoproteins and particles within 4 weeksClin Cardiol · PMID 30014498
A multicomponent intervention reduces body weight and cardiovascular risk at a GEICO corporate siteAm J Health Promot · PMID 20594095
The effects of daily consumption of grapefruit on body weight, lipids, and blood pressure in healthy, overweight adultsMetabolism · PMID 22304836

Evidence by supplement

Key findings

The Dyslipidemia (High Cholesterol & Triglycerides) protocol

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Studies cited

Related conditions

Supplement stack for Dyslipidemia