Alpha-Linolenic Acid (ALA)

ALA is the plant-based omega-3 fatty acid found in flaxseed, chia, walnuts, and hemp. It's an ESSENTIAL fatty acid but NOT equivalent to fish omega-3s (EPA/DHA). IMPORTANT: Conversion to EPA/DHA is very poor (<5-10%). D-grade evidence for cardiovascular outcomes - no effect on all-cause mortality or major cardiac events. B-grade for blood pressure (mixed effects). For omega-3 benefits, EPA/DHA from fish or algae oil are superior. ALA may have modest independent anti-inflammatory effects.

Quick Answer

What it is

ALA is the plant-based omega-3 fatty acid found in flaxseed, chia, walnuts, and hemp. It's an ESSENTIAL fatty acid but NOT equivalent to fish omega-3s (EPA/DHA).

Key findings

  • Grade B: Blood Pressure (Obesity)
  • Grade D: High-density lipoprotein (HDL) (Dyslipidemia)
  • Grade D: All-Cause Mortality

Safety

No specific caution or interaction language was detected in the current summary/outcome notes.

ℹ️ Quick Facts: Alpha-Linolenic Acid (ALA)

Quick Facts: Alpha-Linolenic Acid (ALA)

  • Best Evidence:Grade B
  • Conditions Studied:9
  • Research Outcomes:62
  • Grade B Findings:2
  • Key Effect:Obesity
Outcomes by grade:
A0
B2
C0
D8
9 conditions · 62 outcomes

Detailed Outcomes

Grade:
Effect:
Sort:
|
B
Blood Pressure
Mixed effect on blood pressure
9 studies
?
C-Reactive Protein (CRP)
10 studies
Worsens
?
Total cholesterol
10 studies
Worsens
?
Triglycerides
Worsens
?
High-density lipoprotein (HDL)
8 studies
Improves
?
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)
8 studies
Worsens
?
TNF-Alpha
Worsens
?
Interleukin 6
6 studies
Worsens
B
Blood Pressure
Mixed effect on blood pressure
9 studies
?
C-Reactive Protein (CRP)
10 studies
Worsens
?
Total cholesterol
10 studies
Worsens
?
Triglycerides
Worsens
?
High-density lipoprotein (HDL)
8 studies
Improves
?
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)
8 studies
Worsens
?
TNF-Alpha
Worsens
?
Interleukin 6
6 studies
Worsens
D
High-density lipoprotein (HDL)
No effect on HDL cholesterol
46 studies
none
?
Total cholesterol
47 studies
Worsens
?
Triglycerides
Worsens
?
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)
46 studies
Worsens
?
Total-/HDL-cholesterol ratio
11 studies
Worsens
?
vLDL-C
8 studies
Worsens
D
All-Cause Mortality
No effect on all-cause mortality
5 studies
none
D
All-Cause Mortality
No effect on all-cause mortality
5 studies
none
?
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)
7 studies
Worsens
?
High-density lipoprotein (HDL)
6 studies
Improves
?
Total cholesterol
6 studies
Worsens
?
Triglycerides
Worsens
?
Cardiovascular Disease Mortality
4 studies
Worsens
?
Coronary Artery Disease Risk
4 studies
Worsens
?
Body Mass Index (BMI)
3 studies
Worsens
?
Heart Arrhythmias
2 studies
Worsens
?
Major Adverse Cardiac Events
1 study
Worsens
D
Blood glucose
No effect on blood glucose
none
D
Glucagon
No effect on glucagon
1 study
none
?
Insulin
6 studies
Worsens
?
Insulin Resistance
6 studies
Worsens
?
HbA1c
Worsens
?
High-density lipoprotein (HDL)
2 studies
Improves
?
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)
2 studies
Worsens
?
Total cholesterol
2 studies
Worsens
?
Triglycerides
Worsens
?
Type 2 Diabetes Incidence
2 studies
Worsens
D
Adiponectin
No effect on adiponectin
1 study
none
?
Apolipoprotein B
1 study
Worsens
?
Blood glucose
Worsens
?
C-Reactive Protein (CRP)
1 study
Worsens
?
HbA1c
Worsens
?
High-density lipoprotein (HDL)
1 study
Improves
?
Insulin
1 study
Worsens
?
Insulin Resistance
1 study
Worsens
?
Leptin
1 study
Improves
?
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)
1 study
Worsens
?
Total cholesterol
1 study
Worsens
?
Triglycerides
Worsens
D
Blood glucose
No effect on blood glucose
none
D
B Cell Count
No effect on B cell count
1 study
none
?
Natural Killer Cell Activity
1 study
Improves
?
Natural Killer Cell Content
1 study
Improves
?
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers
Worsens
?
T Cell Count
1 study
Improves
?
Migraine Frequency
Worsens

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