Supplement
Chromium is a trace mineral that helps insulin do its job, supporting how cells pick up sugar from the blood. People mostly look at it for blood sugar balance, and in metabolic syndrome, six small studies found blood glucose improved, though the evidence is limited. In type 2 diabetes, trials found no clear difference in antioxidant enzymes or adiponectin, and the evidence there is very limited.
Sources: PMID 33783683; PMID 15310739
- Updated
- How we grade
- 66 studies cited
- Best evidence
- Grade B
- Conditions studied
- 31
- Outcomes
- 300
- Graded outcomes
- 031412
Evidence by condition
- Strong
- Moderate
- Limited
- Very limited
General Cardiovascular Health
Muscle Size Strength
Muscle Size & Strength
- Body Fat: improves
- Weight: changes; see studies
- Muscle Mass: improves
Body Composition
- Blood glucose: improves
- Weight: improves
- Glycemic Control: improves
Metabolic Syndrome
- Blood glucose: improves
- Weight: improves
- Glycemic Control: improves
Healthy Muscle Aging
- Blood glucose: improves
- Weight: changes; see studies
- Muscle Mass: improves
Dyslipidemia
- Blood glucose: improves
- Weight: improves
- Glycemic Control: improves
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
- Blood glucose: improves
- Weight: improves
- Glycemic Control: improves
Type 1 Diabetes
- Blood glucose: improves
- Weight: improves
- Glycemic Control: improves
Gestational Diabetes
- Blood glucose: improves
- Weight: improves
- Glycemic Control: improves
Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)
- Blood glucose: improves
- Glycemic Control: improves
- Depression Symptoms: improves
Schizophrenia
- HbA1c: improves
- Weight: improves
- Schizophrenia symptoms: improves
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
- Acne Symptoms: improves
- Weight: improves
- Glycemic Control: improves
| Grade | Outcome | Effect | Size | Studies | People | Studies list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acne Symptoms Small Improvement | Improves (the measure goes down) | Small effect | 60 people | |||
| Weight | Improves (the measure goes down) | 12 studies | 5 people | |||
| Glycemic Control | Improves (the measure goes up) | 9 studies | 69 people | |||
| Blood glucose | Improves (the measure goes down) | 6 studies | 351 people | |||
| Follicle-Stimulating Hormone | Improves (the measure goes up) | 3 studies | 351 people | |||
| Oxidative Stress Biomarkers | Improves (the measure goes down) | 2 studies | 550 people | |||
| C-Reactive Protein (CRP) | Improves (the measure goes down) | 1 study | 399 people | |||
| High-density lipoprotein (HDL) | Improves (the measure goes up) | 1 study | 64 people | |||
| Insulin | Changes; see studies | 1 study | 351 people | |||
| Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) | Improves (the measure goes down) | 1 study | 64 people | |||
| Total cholesterol | Improves (the measure goes down) | 1 study | 64 people | |||
| vLDL-C | Improves (the measure goes down) | 1 study | 64 people | |||
| Body Mass Index (BMI) | Improves (the measure goes down) | 351 people | ||||
| Excessive Hair Growth | Improves (the measure goes up) | 351 people | ||||
| Free Testosterone | Improves (the measure goes up) | 351 people | ||||
| Glutathione (GSH) | Improves (the measure goes up) | 550 people | ||||
| Interleukin 6 | Improves (the measure goes down) | 399 people | ||||
| Luteinizing Hormone | Improves (the measure goes up) | 351 people | ||||
| Progesterone | Improves (the measure goes up) | 60 people | ||||
| Prolactin | Improves (the measure goes up) | 60 people | ||||
| Serum DHEA | Improves (the measure goes up) | 351 people | ||||
| Sex Hormone Binding Globulin | Improves (the measure goes up) | 5 people | ||||
| Superoxide Dismutase Activity | Improves (the measure goes up) | 550 people | ||||
| Testosterone | Improves (the measure goes up) | 5 people | ||||
| TNF-Alpha | Improves (the measure goes down) | 399 people | ||||
| Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) | Improves (the measure goes up) | 550 people | ||||
| Triglycerides | Improves (the measure goes down) | 64 people |
Depression
- Appetite: improves
- Depression Symptoms: improves
- Libido: improves
| Grade | Outcome | Effect | Size | Studies | People | Studies list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Appetite Small Decrease | Improves (the measure goes down) | Small effect | 75 people | |||
| Depression Symptoms | Improves (the measure goes down) | 4 studies | 90 people | |||
| Libido | Improves (the measure goes up) | 75 people |
Binge Eating Disorder
- Binge-eating: improves
- Weight: improves
- Blood glucose: improves
| Grade | Outcome | Effect | Size | Studies | People | Studies list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Binge-eating Small Improvement | Improves (the measure goes up) | Small effect | 24 people | |||
| Weight | Improves (the measure goes down) | 12 studies | 24 people | |||
| Blood glucose | Improves (the measure goes down) | 6 studies | 24 people | |||
| HbA1c | Improves (the measure goes down) | 4 studies | 24 people |
Bipolar Disorder
- Bipolar Disorder Symptoms: improves
- Depression Symptoms: improves
| Grade | Outcome | Effect | Size | Studies | People | Studies list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bipolar Disorder Symptoms Small Improvement | Improves (the measure goes down) | Small effect | 30 people | |||
| Depression Symptoms | Improves (the measure goes down) | 4 studies | 30 people |
Wrestling Performance
- Body Fat: improves
- Weight: improves
- Muscle Mass: improves
| Grade | Outcome | Effect | Size | Studies | People | Studies list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body Fat Small Decrease | Improves (the measure goes down) | Small effect | 20 people | |||
| Weight | Improves (the measure goes down) | 12 studies | 20 people | |||
| Muscle Mass | Improves (the measure goes up) | 5 studies | 20 people | |||
| Muscular Endurance | Improves (the measure goes up) | 20 people | ||||
| Power Output | Improves (the measure goes up) | 20 people |
General Liver Health
- Kidney Function
- Weight: improves
- Liver Enzymes: changes; see studies
| Grade | Outcome | Effect | Size | Studies | People | Studies list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kidney Function No effect | NoneNo effect | 1 study | 32 people | |||
| Weight | Improves (the measure goes down) | 12 studies | 32 people | |||
| Liver Enzymes | Changes; see studies | 32 people |
Kidney Health
- Kidney Function
- Weight: improves
- Liver Enzymes: changes; see studies
| Grade | Outcome | Effect | Size | Studies | People | Studies list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kidney Function No effect | NoneNo effect | 1 study | 32 people | |||
| Weight | Improves (the measure goes down) | 12 studies | 32 people | |||
| Liver Enzymes | Changes; see studies | 32 people |
Type 2 Diabetes
- Adiponectin
- Anti-Oxidant Enzyme Profile
- Weight: improves
| Grade | Outcome | Effect | Size | Studies | People | Studies list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adiponectin No effect | NoneNo effect | 25 people | ||||
| Anti-Oxidant Enzyme Profile No effect | NoneNo effect | 240 people | ||||
| Weight | Improves (the measure goes down) | 12 studies | 807 people | |||
| Glycemic Control | Improves (the measure goes up) | 9 studies | 369 people | |||
| Blood glucose | Improves (the measure goes down) | 6 studies | 509 people | |||
| HbA1c | Improves (the measure goes down) | 4 studies | 468 people | |||
| Oxidative Stress Biomarkers | Improves (the measure goes down) | 2 studies | 550 people | |||
| Blood Pressure | Improves (the measure goes down) | 1 study | 286 people | |||
| C-Reactive Protein (CRP) | Improves (the measure goes down) | 1 study | 399 people | |||
| High-density lipoprotein (HDL) | Improves (the measure goes up) | 1 study | 340 people | |||
| Insulin | Changes; see studies | 1 study | 569 people | |||
| Kidney Function | Improves (the measure goes up) | 1 study | 30 people | |||
| Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) | Improves (the measure goes down) | 1 study | 340 people | |||
| Total cholesterol | Improves (the measure goes down) | 1 study | 340 people | |||
| vLDL-C | Improves (the measure goes down) | 1 study | 40 people | |||
| Apolipoprotein A | Improves (the measure goes up) | 36 people | ||||
| Apolipoprotein B | Improves (the measure goes down) | 36 people | ||||
| Appetite | Changes; see studies | 137 people | ||||
| Body Fat | Improves (the measure goes down) | 57 people | ||||
| Fat Oxidation | Improves (the measure goes up) | 25 people | ||||
| Food Intake | Changes; see studies | 167 people | ||||
| Fructosamine | Changes; see studies | 114 people | ||||
| Glutathione (GSH) | Improves (the measure goes up) | 550 people | ||||
| Heart Rate | Improves (the measure goes down) | 50 people | ||||
| Hepatic Glucose Production | Changes; see studies | 137 people | ||||
| Interleukin 6 | Improves (the measure goes down) | 399 people | ||||
| Liver Enzymes | Changes; see studies | 30 people | ||||
| Metabolic Rate | Improves (the measure goes up) | 25 people | ||||
| QTc Intervals | Improves (the measure goes up) | 50 people | ||||
| Resistin | Improves (the measure goes up) | 20 people | ||||
| Superoxide Dismutase Activity | Improves (the measure goes up) | 550 people | ||||
| TNF-Alpha | Improves (the measure goes down) | 399 people | ||||
| Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) | Improves (the measure goes up) | 550 people | ||||
| Triglycerides | Improves (the measure goes down) | 336 people | ||||
| Urea | Improves (the measure goes up) | 30 people |
High Cholesterol
- Anti-Oxidant Enzyme Profile
- Weight: improves
- Glycemic Control: improves
| Grade | Outcome | Effect | Size | Studies | People | Studies list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anti-Oxidant Enzyme Profile No effect | NoneNo effect | 36 people | ||||
| Weight | Improves (the measure goes down) | 12 studies | 416 people | |||
| Glycemic Control | Improves (the measure goes up) | 9 studies | 60 people | |||
| Blood glucose | Improves (the measure goes down) | 6 studies | 447 people | |||
| HbA1c | Improves (the measure goes down) | 4 studies | 369 people | |||
| Oxidative Stress Biomarkers | Improves (the measure goes down) | 2 studies | 36 people | |||
| Blood Pressure | Improves (the measure goes down) | 1 study | 93 people | |||
| High-density lipoprotein (HDL) | Improves (the measure goes up) | 1 study | 447 people | |||
| Insulin | Changes; see studies | 1 study | 429 people | |||
| Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) | Improves (the measure goes down) | 1 study | 229 people | |||
| Total cholesterol | Improves (the measure goes down) | 1 study | 409 people | |||
| Apolipoprotein A | Improves (the measure goes up) | 36 people | ||||
| Apolipoprotein B | Improves (the measure goes down) | 36 people | ||||
| Eosinophil count | Changes; see studies | 29 people | ||||
| Immunity | Improves (the measure goes up) | 29 people | ||||
| LDL Oxidation | Improves (the measure goes down) | 40 people | ||||
| Lymphocyte Count | Improves (the measure goes up) | 29 people | ||||
| Neutrophil Count | Improves (the measure goes up) | 29 people | ||||
| Triglycerides | Improves (the measure goes down) | 447 people |
Metabolic Health
- Adiponectin
- Weight: improves
- Glycemic Control: improves
| Grade | Outcome | Effect | Size | Studies | People | Studies list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adiponectin No effect | NoneNo effect | 25 people | ||||
| Weight | Improves (the measure goes down) | 12 studies | 159 people | |||
| Glycemic Control | Improves (the measure goes up) | 9 studies | 48 people | |||
| Blood glucose | Improves (the measure goes down) | 6 studies | 112 people | |||
| Muscle Mass | Improves (the measure goes up) | 5 studies | 143 people | |||
| Blood Lactate (Exercise) | Changes; see studies | 2 studies | 16 people | |||
| Blood Pressure | Improves (the measure goes down) | 1 study | 25 people | |||
| High-density lipoprotein (HDL) | Improves (the measure goes up) | 1 study | 25 people | |||
| Insulin | Changes; see studies | 1 study | 87 people | |||
| Total cholesterol | Improves (the measure goes down) | 1 study | 25 people | |||
| Body Fat | Improves (the measure goes down) | 143 people | ||||
| Glycogen | Improves (the measure goes up) | 16 people | ||||
| Glycogen Resynthesis | Improves (the measure goes up) | 16 people | ||||
| Triglycerides | Improves (the measure goes down) | 25 people |
Obesity
- Bilirubin
- Weight: improves
- Glycemic Control: improves
| Grade | Outcome | Effect | Size | Studies | People | Studies list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bilirubin No effect | NoneNo effect | 58 people | ||||
| Weight | Improves (the measure goes down) | 12 studies | 392 people | |||
| Glycemic Control | Improves (the measure goes up) | 9 studies | 5 people | |||
| Blood glucose | Improves (the measure goes down) | 6 studies | 69 people | |||
| HbA1c | Improves (the measure goes down) | 4 studies | 46 people | |||
| Follicle-Stimulating Hormone | Improves (the measure goes up) | 3 studies | 5 people | |||
| Blood Pressure | Improves (the measure goes down) | 1 study | 104 people | |||
| C-Reactive Protein (CRP) | Improves (the measure goes down) | 1 study | 58 people | |||
| High-density lipoprotein (HDL) | Improves (the measure goes up) | 1 study | 115 people | |||
| Insulin | Changes; see studies | 1 study | 63 people | |||
| Kidney Function | Improves (the measure goes up) | 1 study | 58 people | |||
| Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) | Improves (the measure goes down) | 1 study | 104 people | |||
| Total cholesterol | Improves (the measure goes down) | 1 study | 115 people | |||
| Body Fat | Improves (the measure goes down) | 58 people | ||||
| Cell Adhesion Factors | Improves (the measure goes down) | 58 people | ||||
| DNA Damage | Changes; see studies | 11 people | ||||
| Free Testosterone | Improves (the measure goes up) | 5 people | ||||
| Liver Enzymes | Changes; see studies | 58 people | ||||
| Luteinizing Hormone | Improves (the measure goes up) | 5 people | ||||
| Serum DHEA | Improves (the measure goes up) | 5 people | ||||
| Sex Hormone Binding Globulin | Improves (the measure goes up) | 5 people | ||||
| Testosterone | Improves (the measure goes up) | 5 people | ||||
| Triglycerides | Improves (the measure goes down) | 104 people |
Weight Loss & Maintenance
- Adiponectin
- Weight: improves
- Glycemic Control: improves
| Grade | Outcome | Effect | Size | Studies | People | Studies list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adiponectin No effect | NoneNo effect | 25 people | ||||
| Weight | Improves (the measure goes down) | 12 studies | 174 people | |||
| Glycemic Control | Improves (the measure goes up) | 9 studies | 133 people | |||
| Blood glucose | Improves (the measure goes down) | 6 studies | 133 people | |||
| Muscle Mass | Improves (the measure goes up) | 5 studies | 108 people | |||
| HbA1c | Improves (the measure goes down) | 4 studies | 66 people | |||
| Blood Pressure | Improves (the measure goes down) | 1 study | 25 people | |||
| High-density lipoprotein (HDL) | Improves (the measure goes up) | 1 study | 91 people | |||
| Insulin | Changes; see studies | 1 study | 108 people | |||
| Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) | Improves (the measure goes down) | 1 study | 66 people | |||
| Total cholesterol | Improves (the measure goes down) | 1 study | 91 people | |||
| Appetite | Changes; see studies | 42 people | ||||
| Body Fat | Improves (the measure goes down) | 154 people | ||||
| C-Peptide | Improves (the measure goes up) | 46 people | ||||
| Food Intake | Changes; see studies | 42 people | ||||
| Resistin | Improves (the measure goes up) | 20 people | ||||
| Triglycerides | Improves (the measure goes down) | 91 people |
General Athletic Performance
- Anaerobic Capacity
- Weight: improves
- Blood glucose: improves
| Grade | Outcome | Effect | Size | Studies | People | Studies list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anaerobic Capacity No effect | NoneNo effect | 8 people | ||||
| Weight | Improves (the measure goes down) | 12 studies | 86 people | |||
| Blood glucose | Improves (the measure goes down) | 6 studies | 43 people | |||
| Muscle Mass | Improves (the measure goes up) | 5 studies | 86 people | |||
| Blood Lactate (Exercise) | Changes; see studies | 2 studies | 8 people | |||
| Insulin | Changes; see studies | 1 study | 43 people | |||
| Body Fat | Improves (the measure goes down) | 86 people | ||||
| Fat Oxidation | Improves (the measure goes up) | 8 people | ||||
| Heart Rate | Improves (the measure goes down) | 8 people | ||||
| Muscular Endurance | Improves (the measure goes up) | 20 people | ||||
| Power Output | Improves (the measure goes up) | 35 people |
Overweight
- Adiponectin
- Weight: improves
- Glycemic Control: improves
| Grade | Outcome | Effect | Size | Studies | People | Studies list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adiponectin No effect | NoneNo effect | 25 people | ||||
| Weight | Improves (the measure goes down) | 12 studies | 134 people | |||
| Glycemic Control | Improves (the measure goes up) | 9 studies | 25 people | |||
| Blood glucose | Improves (the measure goes down) | 6 studies | 134 people | |||
| Muscle Mass | Improves (the measure goes up) | 5 studies | 60 people | |||
| Blood Lactate (Exercise) | Changes; see studies | 2 studies | 16 people | |||
| Blood Pressure | Improves (the measure goes down) | 1 study | 83 people | |||
| C-Reactive Protein (CRP) | Improves (the measure goes down) | 1 study | 58 people | |||
| High-density lipoprotein (HDL) | Improves (the measure goes up) | 1 study | 83 people | |||
| Insulin | Changes; see studies | 1 study | 109 people | |||
| Kidney Function | Improves (the measure goes up) | 1 study | 58 people | |||
| Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) | Improves (the measure goes down) | 1 study | 58 people | |||
| Total cholesterol | Improves (the measure goes down) | 1 study | 83 people | |||
| Bilirubin | Changes; see studies | 58 people | ||||
| Body Fat | Improves (the measure goes down) | 118 people | ||||
| Cell Adhesion Factors | Improves (the measure goes down) | 58 people | ||||
| Glycogen | Improves (the measure goes up) | 16 people | ||||
| Glycogen Resynthesis | Improves (the measure goes up) | 16 people | ||||
| Liver Enzymes | Changes; see studies | 58 people | ||||
| Triglycerides | Improves (the measure goes down) | 83 people |
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)
- Glutathione (GSH)
- Oxidative Stress Biomarkers: improves
- Superoxide Dismutase Activity: improves
| Grade | Outcome | Effect | Size | Studies | People | Studies list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glutathione (GSH) No effect | NoneNo effect | 550 people | ||||
| Oxidative Stress Biomarkers | Improves (the measure goes down) | 2 studies | 550 people | |||
| Superoxide Dismutase Activity | Improves (the measure goes up) | 550 people | ||||
| Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) | Improves (the measure goes up) | 550 people |
Prediabetes
- Blood Flow
- Weight: improves
- Glycemic Control: improves
| Grade | Outcome | Effect | Size | Studies | People | Studies list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Blood Flow No effect | NoneNo effect | 50 people | ||||
| Weight | Improves (the measure goes down) | 12 studies | 50 people | |||
| Glycemic Control | Improves (the measure goes up) | 9 studies | 50 people | |||
| Blood glucose | Improves (the measure goes down) | 6 studies | 50 people | |||
| Blood Pressure | Improves (the measure goes down) | 1 study | 50 people | |||
| High-density lipoprotein (HDL) | Improves (the measure goes up) | 1 study | 50 people | |||
| Kidney Function | Improves (the measure goes up) | 1 study | 50 people | |||
| Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) | Improves (the measure goes down) | 1 study | 50 people | |||
| Total cholesterol | Improves (the measure goes down) | 1 study | 50 people | |||
| Proteinuria | Improves (the measure goes up) | 50 people | ||||
| Triglycerides | Improves (the measure goes down) | 50 people |
Dysthymia
- Depression Symptoms: improves
| Grade | Outcome | Effect | Size | Studies | People | Studies list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Depression Symptoms | Improves (the measure goes down) | 4 studies | 5 people |
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)
- Depression Symptoms: improves
| Grade | Outcome | Effect | Size | Studies | People | Studies list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Depression Symptoms | Improves (the measure goes down) | 4 studies | 15 people |
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)
- PMS Symptoms: improves
| Grade | Outcome | Effect | Size | Studies | People | Studies list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PMS Symptoms | Improves (the measure goes down) | 1 study | 6 people |
Key findings
- Blood glucoseImproves (the measure goes down)
- Body FatImproves (the measure goes down)
- HbA1cImproves (the measure goes down)
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Third-party tested Chromium products, in the forms the graded studies used where we can match them.
- Grade B
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Studies cited
66 studies from PubMed
- Chromium in PCOS: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
- Chromium Supplementation and Metabolic Diseases: Evidence from Clinical Trials
- Effects of Chromium Supplementation on Body Composition: A Systematic Review
- Safety of Chromium Supplementation: Evidence from Clinical Studies
- Effects of Chromium Supplementation on Glucose Metabolism and Lipids: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
- Chromium and Insulin Sensitivity: A Review of Mechanisms
- Chromium Supplementation in Depression and Mood Disorders: A Review
- Chromium Supplementation and Glycemic Control in Diabetes: An Updated Review
- Chromium Picolinate in Type 2 Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials
- Chromium Effects on Blood Pressure: A Meta-Analysis
- Effects of acute chromium supplementation on postprandial metabolism in healthy young men
- The effects of inorganic chromium and brewer's yeast on glucose tolerance, plasma lipids, and plasma chromium in elderly subjects
- Effects of resistance training and chromium picolinate on body composition and skeletal muscle in older men
- Effects of chromium supplementation on glycogen synthesis after high-intensity exercise
- Effects of short-term chromium supplementation on insulin sensitivity and body composition in overweight children: randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
- Chromium picolinate supplementation in women: effects on body weight, composition, and iron status
- Effect of resistance training with or without chromium picolinate supplementation on glucose metabolism in older men and women
- A pilot study of chromium picolinate for weight loss
- Chromium supplementation and polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis
- The Effects of Chromium Supplementation on Endocrine Profiles, Biomarkers of Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
- Chromium picolinate improves insulin sensitivity in obese subjects with polycystic ovary syndrome
- The effect of chromium intake on oxidative stress parameters: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
- Effect of chromium supplementation on hs-CRP, TNF-α and IL-6 as risk factor for cardiovascular diseases: A meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials.
- Chromium Supplementation and the Effects on Metabolic Status in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
- Chromium picolinate supplementation attenuates body weight gain and increases insulin sensitivity in subjects with type 2 diabetes
- Chromium treatment has no effect in patients with type 2 diabetes in a Western population: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
- Effects of chromium brewer's yeast supplementation on body mass, blood carbohydrates, and lipids and minerals in type 2 diabetic patients
- The influence of chromium chloride-containing milk to glycemic control of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
- Antioxidant effects and insulin resistance improvement of chromium combined with vitamin C and e supplementation for type 2 diabetes mellitus
- Chromium supplementation does not improve glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, or lipid profile: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of supplementation in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance
- Characterization of the metabolic and physiologic response to chromium supplementation in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus
- Chromium supplementation shortens QTc interval duration in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
- Role of chromium supplementation in Indians with type 2 diabetes mellitus
- Chromium treatment has no effect in patients with poorly controlled, insulin-treated type 2 diabetes in an obese Western population: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
- Influence of chromium-enriched yeast on blood glucose and insulin variables, blood lipids, and markers of oxidative stress in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus
- Elevated intakes of supplemental chromium improve glucose and insulin variables in individuals with type 2 diabetes
- Beneficial effect of chromium supplementation on glucose, HbA1C and lipid variables in individuals with newly onset type-2 diabetes
- The effects of inorganic chromium and brewer's yeast supplementation on glucose tolerance, serum lipids and drug dosage in individuals with type 2 diabetes
- Effect of Chromium Supplementation on Blood Glucose and Lipid Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
- Beneficial effects of oral chromium picolinate supplementation on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized clinical study
- Potential antioxidant effects of zinc and chromium supplementation in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus
- Antioxidant effects of chromium supplementation with type 2 diabetes mellitus and euglycemic subjects
- Effects of resistive training and chromium picolinate on body composition and skeletal muscle size in older women
- The effect of chromium picolinate on muscular strength and body composition in women athletes
- Effects of chromium and resistive training on muscle strength and body composition
- Chromium picolinate effects on body composition and muscular performance in wrestlers
- The effects of chromium and copper supplementation on mitogen-stimulated T cell proliferation in hypercholesterolaemic postmenopausal women
- Effects of niacin-bound chromium and grape seed proanthocyanidin extract on the lipid profile of hypercholesterolemic subjects: a pilot study
- Lack of effect of chromium supplementation on mental state and body weight in people with schizophrenia
- Effects of carbohydrate and chromium ingestion during intermittent high-intensity exercise to fatigue
- A 2-year, open-label pilot study of adjunctive chromium in patients with treatment-resistant rapid-cycling bipolar disorder
- Effect of supplementation with chromium picolinate on antibody titers to 5-hydroxymethyl uracil
- Chromium picolinate supplementation for overweight or obese adults
- In patients with HIV-infection, chromium supplementation improves insulin resistance and other metabolic abnormalities: a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled trial
- Chromium picolinate for insulin resistance in subjects with HIV disease: a pilot study
- Effects of chromium picolinate on food intake and satiety
- Chromium supplementation for menstrual cycle-related mood symptoms
- A double-blind, placebo-controlled, exploratory trial of chromium picolinate in atypical depression: effect on carbohydrate craving
- Effectiveness of chromium in atypical depression: a placebo-controlled trial
- Chromium picolinate does not improve key features of metabolic syndrome in obese nondiabetic adults
- Chromium effects on glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in persons at risk for diabetes mellitus
- Improved cognitive-cerebral function in older adults with chromium supplementation
- Chromium potentiation of antidepressant pharmacotherapy for dysthymic disorder in 5 patients
- Effects of Chromium Supplementation on Lipid Profile: an Umbrella of Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
- A double-blind, randomized pilot trial of chromium picolinate for binge eating disorder: results of the Binge Eating and Chromium (BEACh) study
- Resistive training and chromium picolinate: effects on inositols and liver and kidney functions in older adults