Red Clover Extract

Red clover (Trifolium pratense) is a plant in the Fabaceae (legume) family that is a source of isoflavones with estrogen-like effects, similar to soy. Red clover has primarily been researched as a supplement in menopause and might reduce the frequency of hot flashes, but other menopause-related outcomes have been largely inconclusive.

Quick Answer

What it is

Red clover (Trifolium pratense) is a plant in the Fabaceae (legume) family that is a source of isoflavones with estrogen-like effects, similar to soy. Red clover has primarily been researched as a supplement in menopause and might reduce the frequency of hot flashes, but other menopause-related outcomes have been largely inconclusive.

Key findings

  • Grade B: Anxiety Symptoms (Menopause)
  • Grade C: Apolipoprotein B (Dyslipidemia)
  • Grade D: Bone Mineral Density (Bone Health)

Safety

No specific caution or interaction language was detected in the current summary/outcome notes.

ℹ️ Quick Facts: Red Clover Extract

Quick Facts: Red Clover Extract

  • Best Evidence:Grade B
  • Conditions Studied:12
  • Research Outcomes:102
  • Grade B Findings:1
  • Key Effect:Menopause
Outcomes by grade:
A0
B1
C2
D10
12 conditions Β· 102 outcomes

Detailed Outcomes

Grade:
Effect:
Size:
Sort:
|
B
Anxiety Symptoms
Moderate Improvement
moderate↓Improves
D
Apolipoprotein A
No effect
1 study
none
?
Menopausal Symptoms
↓Improves
?
High-density lipoprotein (HDL)
↑Improves
?
Total cholesterol
↓Improves
?
Hot Flash Symptoms
↓Improves
?
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)
5 studies
↓Improves
?
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin
↑Improves
?
Triglycerides
5 studies
↓Improves
?
Weight
↓Improves
?
Blood Pressure
↓Improves
?
Estrogen
4 studies
↑Worsens
?
Follicle-Stimulating Hormone
4 studies
↑Improves
?
Testosterone
↑Improves
?
Luteinizing Hormone
2 studies
↑Improves
?
Subjective Well-Being
2 studies
↑Improves
?
Arterial Stiffness
1 study
↓Improves
?
Depression Symptoms
1 study
↓Improves
?
Dry Eye Symptoms
1 study
↓Improves
?
Glycemic Control
1 study
↑Improves
?
Heart Rate
1 study
↓Improves
?
Homocysteine
↓Improves
?
Liver Enzymes
1 study
↑Worsens
?
Memory
↑Improves
?
Osteocalcin
1 study
↑Improves
?
Serum Folate
1 study
↑Improves
?
Skin Quality
↑Improves
?
Sleep Quality
1 study
↑Improves
C
Anxiety Symptoms
Moderate Improvement
moderate↓Improves
?
Depression Symptoms
1 study
↓Improves
C
Apolipoprotein B
Small Improvement
1 study
small↓Improves
?
High-density lipoprotein (HDL)
↑Improves
D
Bone Mineral Density
No effect
none
?
Osteocalcin
1 study
↑Improves
?
Weight
↓Improves
D
Apolipoprotein A
No effect
2 studies
none
?
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)
5 studies
↓Improves
?
Total cholesterol
↓Improves
?
High-density lipoprotein (HDL)
↑Improves
?
Triglycerides
4 studies
↓Improves
?
Weight
↓Improves
?
Blood Pressure
↓Improves
D
Apolipoprotein A
No effect
1 study
none
?
Total cholesterol
↓Improves
?
High-density lipoprotein (HDL)
↑Improves
?
Triglycerides
5 studies
↓Improves
?
Blood Pressure
↓Improves
?
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)
4 studies
↓Improves
?
Arterial Stiffness
2 studies
↓Improves
?
Blood Flow
2 studies
↑Improves
?
Blood glucose
2 studies
↓Improves
?
Fibrinogen
2 studies
↑Improves
?
Insulin
2 studies
↑Worsens
?
Cell Adhesion Factors
1 study
↓Improves
?
Glycemic Control
1 study
↑Improves
?
HbA1c
1 study
↓Improves
?
Homocysteine
↓Improves
?
IGF Binding Protein
1 study
↑Improves
?
IGF-1
↑Improves
?
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers
1 study
↓Improves
?
Plasminogen Inhibitor-1
↑Improves
?
Serum Folate
1 study
↑Improves
?
Weight
↓Improves
D
Estrogen
No effect
1 study
none
?
IGF Binding Protein
2 studies
↑Improves
?
IGF-1
↑Improves
?
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin
↑Improves
D
Apolipoprotein A
No effect
1 study
none
?
Glycemic Control
2 studies
↑Improves
?
Blood glucose
1 study
↓Improves
?
Estrogen
1 study
↑Worsens
?
High-density lipoprotein (HDL)
↑Improves
?
Insulin
1 study
↑Worsens
?
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)
1 study
↓Improves
?
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin
↑Improves
?
Testosterone
↑Improves
?
Total cholesterol
↓Improves
?
Triglycerides
1 study
↓Improves
D
Blood Flow
No effect
1 study
none
?
Blood glucose
1 study
↓Improves
?
Blood Pressure
↓Improves
?
Fibrinogen
1 study
↑Improves
?
HbA1c
1 study
↓Improves
?
High-density lipoprotein (HDL)
↑Improves
?
Insulin
1 study
↑Worsens
?
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)
1 study
↓Improves
?
Total cholesterol
↓Improves
?
Triglycerides
1 study
↓Improves
?
Weight
↓Improves
D
Breast Density
No effect
1 study
none
?
Estrogen
1 study
↑Worsens
?
Follicle-Stimulating Hormone
1 study
↑Improves
?
Hot Flash Symptoms
↓Improves
?
Luteinizing Hormone
1 study
↑Improves
?
Menopausal Symptoms
↓Improves
D
Attention
No effect
1 study
none
?
Blood Pressure
↓Improves
?
Memory
↑Improves
D
Breast Density
No effect
1 study
none
?
Follicle-Stimulating Hormone
1 study
↑Improves
?
Total cholesterol
↓Improves
?
Sexual Function
↑Improves

Research Citations (33)

Safety and efficacy of black cohosh and red clover for the management of vasomotor symptoms: a randomized controlled trial
PMID: 19609225
No effect of red clover-derived isoflavone intervention on the insulin-like growth factor system in women at increased risk of colorectal cancer
PMID: 18842999
Isolated isoflavones do not affect the circulating insulin-like growth factor system in men at increased colorectal cancer risk
PMID: 17237315
Red-clover-derived isoflavones and mammographic breast density: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial ISRCTN42940165
PMID: 15084240
Modest protective effects of isoflavones from a red clover-derived dietary supplement on cardiovascular disease risk factors in perimenopausal women, and evidence of an interaction with ApoE genotype in 49-65 year-old women
PMID: 15226466
Effects of supplementation with purified red clover (Trifolium pratense) isoflavones on plasma lipids and insulin resistance in healthy premenopausal women
PMID: 12654164
Effect of red clover-derived isoflavone supplementation on insulin-like growth factor, lipid and antioxidant status in healthy female volunteers: a pilot study
PMID: 14679383
Effects of dietary supplementation with isoflavones from red clover on ambulatory blood pressure and endothelial function in postmenopausal type 2 diabetes
PMID: 12940870
Isoflavones from red clover improve systemic arterial compliance but not plasma lipids in menopausal women
PMID: 10084567
Isoflavones reduce arterial stiffness: a placebo-controlled study in men and postmenopausal women
PMID: 12714433

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