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Cognitive Function

Research on memory, learning, attention, executive function, and overall cognitive performance.

Quick Answer

What it is

Research on memory, learning, attention, executive function, and overall cognitive performance.

Key findings

  • Grade B: BDNF Levels (Semax)
  • Grade B: Cognitive Function in Alzheimer's (Cistanche (Cistanche tubulosa/deserticola))
  • Grade B: Cognitive Function (Humanin)

Safety

  • 26% lower dementia risk with higher dietary intake (epidemiological)
ℹ️ Quick Facts

Quick Facts: Cognitive Function

  • Supplements Studied:17
  • Top Supplement:Cistanche (Cistanche tubulosa/deserticola) (B)
17 supps · 20 outcomes

Detailed Outcomes

Grade:
Effect:
Size:
Sort:
|
B
BDNF Levels
Moderate Increase
3 studies
moderate↑Improves
C
Memory Performance
Moderate Increase
4 studies
moderate↑Improves
B
Cognitive Function in Alzheimer's
Clinical study (48 weeks, 300mg/day): Improved cognitive function in patients with moderate Alzheimer's disease. No exacerbation of symptoms. Preclinical review (20 studies): Strong neuroprotective evidence.
moderate↑Improves
B
Cognitive Function
Humanin administration improved cognition in aged mice. In humans, a specific SNP in the humanin gene is associated with accelerated cognitive aging, and centenarians' offspring have higher circulating levels.
moderate↑Improves
B
Executive Function
A 20-week RCT showed tesamorelin improved executive function (P=0.005) as measured by Task Switching, Stroop Color-Word Interference, Self-Ordered Pointing Test, and Word Fluency.
moderate↑Improves
B
Cognitive Function in MCI
Treatment attenuated the expected functional decline in individuals with mild cognitive impairment and improved cognitive function in healthy older adults.
small↑Improves
B
Cognitive Function
Six months of GHRH treatment improved performance on tests of fluid intelligence including working memory, planning, selective attention, and processing speed in healthy older adults.
small↑Improves
C
Cognitive Performance
Older clinical studies (1960s-1980s) in elderly with cognitive decline showed improvements in memory, attention, and mental clarity. Study quality limited by modern standards.
8 studies
moderate↑Improves
C
Memory
Memory improvements mainly in populations with serotonergic disturbances
8 studies
small↑Improves
C
Neuroprotective Markers
Small neuroprotective effect observed
3 studies
small↑Improves
C
Memory Performance
Small Increase
3 studies
small↑Improves
C
Cognitive Performance
Improved cognition when combined with caffeine (150mg each)
3 studies
small↑Improves
C
Cognitive Performance
Small Increase
3 studies
small↑Improves
C
Memory Performance
Improved memory performance especially in those with mild cognitive impairment
2 studies
moderate↑Improves
C
Dementia Risk
26% lower dementia risk with higher dietary intake (epidemiological)
2 studies
moderate↓Improves
C
Working Memory
Modest cognitive enhancement in some studies
2 studies
small↑Improves
C
Cognitive Enhancement
Preclinical: Restored spatial learning and memory in aged rats and APP/PS1 Alzheimer's mice. 7 orders of magnitude more potent than BDNF for spinogenesis. Reversed scopolamine-induced deficits. No human trial data available.
large↑Improves
C
Synaptogenesis
Preclinical: Promoted new dendritic spine formation in hippocampal neurons at picomolar concentrations. Enhanced synaptic connectivity and plasticity via HGF/c-Met/PI3K pathway activation.
large↑Improves
C
Neuroprotection
Preclinical: Protected against neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's mouse models. Reduced amyloid-related cognitive decline. Enhanced neuronal survival via c-Met signaling.
moderate↑Improves
D
Cognitive Decline
COSMOS-Mind (n=2,262): No slowing of cognitive decline over 3 years.
3 studies
none
D
Cognitive/Psychomotor Performance
Limited human experimental data suggest bromantane may improve selected psychophysiological or operator-performance measures under fatigue (PMID: 10998997) and modulate EEG rhythms consistent with CNS activation (PMID: 19642584). Evidence is preliminary and not based on large cognitive endpoint trials.
2 studies
small↑Improves

Research Citations (100)

Body composition, hepatic fat, metabolic, and safety outcomes of Tesamorelin, a GHRH analogue, in HIV-associated lipodystrophy: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
(2026)
PMID: 41545261
Effects of Cistanche deserticola Y.C. Ma Supplementation on Muscle Strength and Recovery: A Randomized Controlled Trial
(2025)
PMID: 41010491
Plasma Humanin and Non-Coding RNAs as Biomarkers of Endothelial Dysfunction in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Pilot Study.
(2025)
PMID: 39846683
Humanin attenuates metabolic, toxic, and traumatic neuropathic pain in mice by protecting against oxidative stress and increasing inflammatory cytokine.
(2025)
PMID: 39510375
HUMANIN produced by human efferocytic macrophages promotes the resolution of inflammation.
(2025)
PMID: 40877234
Hepatoprotective Effects of Thymogen Analogues in Hydrazine Hepatopathy in Rats.
(2025)
PMID: 40442470
Genes That Associated with Action of ACTH-like Peptides with Neuroprotective Potential in Rat Brain Regions with Different Degrees of Ischemic Damage.
(2025)
PMID: 40650034
The Potential of the Peptide Drug Semax and Its Derivative for Correcting Pathological Impairments in the Animal Model of Alzheimer's Disease.
(2025)
PMID: 41479572
Semax, a Copper Chelator Peptide, Decreases the Cu(II)-Catalyzed ROS Production and Cytotoxicity of aβ by Metal Ion Stripping and Redox Silencing.
(2025)
PMID: 40496623
Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone Antagonists Increase Radiosensitivity in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells.
(2025)
PMID: 40244089

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