Peptide
Humanin
Humanin (HN) is a 24-amino-acid mitochondrial-derived peptide encoded within the 16S rRNA gene of mitochondrial DNA. Discovered in 2001 from preserved brain tissue of Alzheimer's patients, it demonstrates potent neuroprotective, cytoprotective, and metabolic regulatory effects. Humanin levels decline with age but remain stable in long-lived species and are elevated in offspring of centenarians.
- Updated
- How we grade
- 47 studies cited
Research notice. This page is for education and research. Peptides may not be FDA-approved for human use and may only be legally available for research. Talk to a qualified clinician before considering any peptide.
- Best evidence
- Grade A
- Conditions studied
- 5
- Outcomes
- 10
- Graded outcomes
- 1900
Evidence by condition
- Strong
- Moderate
- Limited
- Very limited
Aging & Longevity
- Lifespan: improves
- Healthspan Markers: improves
Metabolic Health
- Insulin Sensitivity: improves
- Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Secretion: changes; see studies
Cardiovascular Health
- Cardiovascular Protection: improves
- Coronary Endothelial Function: improves
| Grade | Outcome | Effect | Size | Studies | People | Studies list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cardiovascular Protection Humanin protects cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts from oxidative stress, reducing ischemia-reperfusion injury and atherosclerosis progression. | Improves (the measure goes up) | Moderate effect | 3 studies | |||
Studies that measured cardiovascular protection | ||||||
| Coronary Endothelial Function Circulating humanin levels are positively associated with preserved coronary endothelial function in clinical observations. | Improves (the measure goes up) | Moderate effect | 2 studies | |||
Studies that measured coronary endothelial function | ||||||
Key findings
- NeuroprotectionImproves (the measure goes up)
- Cognitive FunctionImproves (the measure goes up)
- Alzheimer's Disease BiomarkersImproves (the measure goes down)
Safety notes in the studies
- Humanin protects neurons from amyloid-beta toxicity, oxidative stress, and other Alzheimer's-associated insults by preserving mitochondrial function and inhibiting apoptotic pathways.
Studies cited
47 studies from PubMed
- Plasma Humanin and Non-Coding RNAs as Biomarkers of Endothelial Dysfunction in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Pilot Study.
- Humanin attenuates metabolic, toxic, and traumatic neuropathic pain in mice by protecting against oxidative stress and increasing inflammatory cytokine.
- HUMANIN produced by human efferocytic macrophages promotes the resolution of inflammation.
- [Gly14]-Humanin ameliorates high glucose-induced endothelial senescence via SIRT6.
- Impaired Expression of Humanin during Adrenocortical Carcinoma.
- Humanin ameliorates TBI-related cognitive impairment by attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation.
- Humanin variant P3S is associated with longevity in APOE4 carriers and resists APOE4-induced brain pathology.
- Humanin-G Ameliorates Hemorrhage-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Mice Through AMPKα1-Dependent and -Independent Mechanisms.
- Humanin's impact on pain markers and neuronal viability in diabetic neuropathy model.
- Humanin and Its Pathophysiological Roles in Aging: A Systematic Review
- A novel link between chronic inflammation and humanin regulation in children.
- Mitochondrial stress and mitokines in aging.
- Humanin and Its Pathophysiological Roles in Aging: A Systematic Review.
- S14G-humanin confers cardioprotective effects against chronic adrenergic and pressure overload-induced heart failure in mice.
- S14G-humanin alleviates acute lung injury by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB.
- Humanin and diabetes mellitus: A review of in vitro and in vivo studies.
- The protective effects of S14G-humanin on gestational diabetes mellitus symptoms.
- Humanin vivoliver and tumor bioimpedance measured with biopsy needle.
- An evidence of Humanin-like peptide and Humanin mediated cryosurvival of spermatozoa in buffalo bulls.
- Effect of Humanin G (HNG) on inflammation in age-related macular degeneration (AMD).
- [Gly14]-Humanin inhibits an angiotensin II-induced vascular smooth muscle cell phenotypic switch via ameliorating intracellular oxidative stress.
- Circulating humanin is lower in coronary artery disease and is a prognostic biomarker for major cardiac events in humans.
- Cardio-protective role of Humanin in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion.
- Humanin-induced autophagy plays important roles in skeletal muscle function and lifespan extension.
- Humanin and Alzheimer's Disease: The Beginning of a New Field
- Protective Mechanism of Humanin Against Oxidative Stress in Aging-Related Cardiovascular Diseases
- Humanin Alleviates Insulin Resistance in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Human and Rat Model-Based Study.
- Humanin: A mitochondrial-derived peptide in the treatment of apoptosis-related diseases.
- Humanin regulates oxidative stress in the ovaries of polycystic ovary syndrome patients via the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway.
- Protective Mechanism of Humanin Against Oxidative Stress in Aging-Related Cardiovascular Diseases.
- Mitochondrial humanin peptide acts as a cytoprotective factor in granulosa cell survival.
- The mitochondrial derived peptide humanin is a regulator of lifespan and healthspan
- Humanin Promotes Tumor Progression in Experimental Triple Negative Breast Cancer.
- Humanin Ameliorates Free Fatty Acid-Induced Endothelial Inflammation by Suppressing the NLRP3 Inflammasome.
- Mitochondrial-derived peptide humanin as therapeutic target in cancer and degenerative diseases.
- Humanin levels in human seminal plasma and spermatozoa are related to sperm quality.
- Potent humanin analogue (HNG) protects human sperm from freeze-thaw-induced damage.
- Humanin Prevents Age-Related Cognitive Decline in Mice and is Associated with Improved Cognitive Age in Humans
- Naturally occurring mitochondrial-derived peptides are age-dependent regulators of apoptosis, insulin sensitivity, and inflammatory markers
- Potential Roles of Humanin on Apoptosis in the Heart.
- Humanin attenuates Alzheimer-like cognitive deficits and pathological changes induced by amyloid β-peptide in rats
- Humanin: a possible linkage between Alzheimer's disease and type 2 diabetes.
- Potent humanin analog increases glucose-stimulated insulin secretion through enhanced metabolism in the β cell
- Protective effects of [Gly14]-Humanin on beta-amyloid-induced PC12 cell death by preventing mitochondrial dysfunction
- Humanin; a defender against Alzheimer's disease?
- Evidence for in vivo production of Humanin peptide, a neuroprotective factor against Alzheimer's disease-related insults
- Humanin, a newly identified neuroprotective factor, uses the G protein-coupled formylpeptide receptor-like-1 as a functional receptor