Betaine (trimethylglycine/TMG) is a methyl donor found in beets and spinach. Serves vital roles in methylation (alongside folate) and as an osmolyte like creatine. B-GRADE evidence for dry mouth symptoms (4 RCTs, 188 participants) and liver enzyme improvement in NASH (2 RCTs, 30 participants). D-GRADE for most athletic performance outcomes (no effect on anaerobic capacity). Reliably lowers homocysteine. May have modest ergogenic effects but evidence is mixed. Often marketed to athletes but evidence is weaker than creatine.
Betaine (trimethylglycine/TMG) is a methyl donor found in beets and spinach. Serves vital roles in methylation (alongside folate) and as an osmolyte like creatine.
No specific caution or interaction language was detected in the current summary/outcome notes.
Best grade per condition (each condition may have multiple outcomes)
14 shared conditions · 558 outcomes
L-carnitine can relieve leg pain in people with peripheral artery disease (PAD) and treat some aspects of metabolic syndrome. Although it’s often also used for fat loss, its effectiveness for that is questionable.
12 shared conditions · 448 outcomes
Fish oil is a mix of mostly EPA and DHA derived from fatty fish. It reduces triglycerides, but does not seem to affect the rate of cardiovascular events. It appears to reduce the symptoms of depression and improve some painful, inflammatory conditions.
12 shared conditions · 433 outcomes
Creatine is among the most well-studied and effective supplements for improving exercise performance. It does this mainly by increasing energy availability during high-intensity activity. Creatine may also provide cognitive and mental health benefits in some contexts.
11 shared conditions · 197 outcomes
Whey protein is one of the two high-quality proteins derived from cow’s milk (casein being the other). Its high digestibility, quick absorption, and well-researched benefits for muscle gain and cardiometabolic health make it a popular protein supplement among athletes and older adults.
11 shared conditions · 308 outcomes
Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin that our skin synthesizes when exposed to the sun. It benefits us in many ways, from bone health to mood.
11 shared conditions · 304 outcomes
Spirulina, commonly known as “blue-green algae”, is a nontoxic cyanobacterium that is rich in various nutrients and bioactive pigments and polyphenols. Spirulina contains many antioxidant compounds and could have beneficial cardiometabolic effects.
11 shared conditions · 189 outcomes
CLAs are fatty acids that acts on a system known as PPAR to induce fat loss. At least, that is what the theory says. CLA too weakly affects PPAR receptors to really induce fat loss in an appreciable amount. TTA appears more promising.
11 shared conditions · 300 outcomes
Chromium is a mineral that occurs naturally in the earth’s crust and is found in small amounts in a variety of foods. Chromium supplementation seems to enhance the effects of insulin in the body, leading to improvements in insulin sensitivity and blood sugar regulation in people with insulin resistance. Although chromium has historically been considered an essential nutrient for the human body, current evidence challenges this notion.