Dr. Grey AI

TB-500

Peptide

TB-500 is a synthetic fragment of Thymosin Beta-4, a naturally occurring 43-amino acid peptide present in most human cells. It has been investigated for its potential role in tissue repair, wound healing, and regeneration. Research, primarily in animal models, suggests it may promote angiogenesis, cell migration, and reduce inflammation. Human clinical trials are limited.

Quick Answer

What it is

TB-500 is a synthetic fragment of Thymosin Beta-4, a naturally occurring 43-amino acid peptide present in most human cells. It has been investigated for its potential role in tissue repair, wound healing, and regeneration.

Key findings

  • Grade C: Cardiac Protection (Cardiovascular Health)
  • Grade C: Corneal Wound Healing (Dry Eye)
  • Grade C: Anti-Inflammatory Activity (Inflammation)

Safety

No specific caution or interaction language was detected in the current summary/outcome notes.

⚠️ Research Notice

This peptide information is for educational and research purposes only. Peptides may not be FDA-approved for human use and may only be legally available for research purposes. Consult qualified healthcare professionals before considering any peptide compounds.

ℹ️ Quick Facts: TB-500

Quick Facts: TB-500

  • Best Evidence:Grade C
  • Conditions Studied:11
  • Research Outcomes:23
  • Key Effect:Musculoskeletal Health
A0
B0
C16
D7
11 conditions · 23 outcomes

Detailed Outcomes

Grade:
Effect:
Size:
Sort:
|
C
Cardiac Protection
Reduces infarct volume and preserves cardiac function in preclinical models. Promotes cardiomyocyte survival and migration. Multiple animal studies show significant improvement.
moderate↑Improves
D
Angiogenesis
Small Increase
small↑Improves
C
Corneal Wound Healing
Phase 2/3 clinical trials for dry eye and neurotrophic keratopathy. Accelerates corneal epithelial healing. RGN-259 (Tβ4 eye drops) showed significant improvement vs placebo.
moderate↑Improves
C
Anti-Inflammatory Activity
Inhibits NF-κB signaling, reduces pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6). Demonstrated in multiple inflammation models.
moderate↑Improves
C
Tissue Repair
Moderate Improvement
moderate↑Improves
C
Liver Fibrosis Protection
Regulates hepatic stellate cell activation. Reduces extracellular matrix deposition. Anti-fibrotic effects demonstrated in preclinical liver injury models.
moderate↓Improves
C
Wound Healing
Moderate Improvement
moderate↑Improves
C
Ligament/Tendon Healing
Enhanced healing of medial collateral ligament injury in animal models. Promotes organized connective tissue formation and reduces myofibroblast appearance.
moderate↑Improves
C
Mortality
3 preclinical studies support this finding. Primarily preclinical evidence.
small↓Improves
C
GI Protection
3 preclinical studies support this finding. Primarily preclinical evidence.
small↑Improves
D
Immune Function
2 preclinical studies support this finding. Primarily preclinical evidence.
small↑Improves
D
Blood Glucose Control
2 preclinical studies support this finding. Primarily preclinical evidence.
small↓Improves
D
Body Weight
2 preclinical studies support this finding. Primarily preclinical evidence.
small↓Improves
D
Neuroprotection
Attenuates neuronal damage in preclinical models. Potential Alzheimer's intervention target - TMSB4X expression decreased in AD neurons. Promotes neural stem cell migration.
small↑Improves
D
Hair Growth
Stimulates hair follicle stem cells and promotes hair growth in animal models. Induces hair follicle development via Wnt signaling pathway activation.
small↑Improves
D
Insulin Sensitivity
Ameliorates hyperglycemia and improves insulin resistance in diabetic mouse models. Preclinical evidence only.
small↑Improves

Research Citations (84)

Thymosin beta 4 as an Alzheimer disease intervention target identified using human brain organoids
(2025)
PMID: 40816274
Thymosin Beta-4 Modulates Cardiac Remodeling by Regulating ROCK1 Expression in Adult Mammals
(2025)
PMID: 40362372
CCN5 suppresses injury-induced vascular restenosis by inhibiting smooth muscle cell proliferation and facilitating endothelial repair via thymosin β4 and Cd9 pathway.
(2025)
PMID: 39873228
Tβ4-exosome-loaded hemostatic and antibacterial hydrogel to improve vascular regeneration and modulate macrophage polarization for diabetic wound treatment.
(2025)
PMID: 40070869
Corrigendum to 'Tβ4-exosome-loaded hemostatic and antibacterial hydrogel to improve vascular regeneration and modulate macrophage polarization for diabetic wound treatment' [Mater. Today Bio,Volume 31, 2025, 101585].
(2025)
PMID: 40568017
Mechanistic study of the Tβ4/SLC7A11 signaling pathway regulating breast cancer evolution.
(2025)
PMID: 40912522
Identification of glutamine as a potential therapeutic target in dry eye disease.
(2025)
PMID: 39837870
Epimedin C promotes mitochondrial transfer and delays thymus atrophy in 4-VCD induced mimetic-menopausal mice.
(2025)
PMID: 39919331
Thymosin β4 Regulates Tissue Inflammatory Response in Mouse Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Promoting Macrophage M2-Type Polarization.
(2025)
PMID: 40322536
Tβ4-Engineered ADSC Extracellular Vesicles Rescue Cell Senescence Through Separable Microneedle Patches for Diabetic Wound Healing.
(2025)
PMID: 40279568

Related Peptides

BPC-157

Peptide

3 shared conditions · 25 outcomes

BPC-157 is a synthetic 15-amino-acid peptide derived from human gastric juice proteins. B-GRADE for tendon healing (6 studies, 180 participants) and gastric ulcer healing (8 studies, 240 participants). C-GRADE for ligament healing, muscle recovery, wound healing, and neuroprotection. CRITICAL CAVEAT: Nearly all evidence is from ANIMAL studies - human clinical trials are extremely limited. Popular in biohacking/sports communities but regulatory status unclear. NOT FDA-approved. Underground/gray market sourcing raises purity and safety concerns.

GHRP-6

Peptide

2 shared conditions · 13 outcomes

GHRP-6 (Growth Hormone-Releasing Peptide-6) is a synthetic hexapeptide (His-DTrp-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2) that potently stimulates growth hormone secretion. Developed in the 1980s by Cyril Bowers, it was the first synthetic peptide shown to specifically elicit dose-dependent GH release both in vitro and in vivo. GHRP-6 acts through the ghrelin receptor (GHS-R1a) and CD36 receptor, exhibiting not only GH-releasing properties but also significant cytoprotective, cardioprotective, and wound healing effects. It increases IGF-1 levels, stimulates appetite, and has demonstrated tissue-protective properties in multiple preclinical and clinical studies. While primarily researched for GH deficiency, emerging evidence supports its potential in wound healing, scar prevention, and cardioprotection.