Infantile Colic

“Infantile colic” is characterized by repeated episodes of intense/frequent crying or discontent with an unknown cause. Caregivers need to be reassured that they are often doing nothing wrong, and that colic usually resolves by itself within 3–4 months. However, supplementation with certain probiotics may help.

Quick Answer

What it is

“Infantile colic” is characterized by repeated episodes of intense/frequent crying or discontent with an unknown cause. Caregivers need to be reassured that they are often doing nothing wrong, and that colic usually resolves by itself within 3–4 months.

Key findings

  • Grade B: Infant crying (Lactobacillus reuteri)
  • Grade C: Constipation Signs and Symptoms (Lactobacillus reuteri)

Safety

No specific caution or interaction language was detected in the current summary/outcome notes.

ℹ️ Quick Facts

Quick Facts: Infantile Colic

  • Supplements Studied:1
  • Research Trials:6
  • Total Participants:3,597
  • Top Supplement:Lactobacillus reuteri (B)
6 trials
3,597 ppts
1 supps · 2 outcomes

Evidence-Based Protocol

Supplement stack ranked by research quality

Moderate Evidence

Primary Stack (Tier 1)

10^8 CFU (100 million) once daily

Best-studied probiotic for infant colic; reduces crying time; supports gut microbiome development

15 studies | 1,200 participants
20mg before each feeding (follow product instructions)

Reduces gas bubbles in gut; commonly used though evidence mixed

8 studies | 400 participants

Supporting Stack (Tier 2)

Fennel tea or extract per pediatric product instructions

Traditional remedy; may reduce intestinal spasms; some evidence for reducing colic symptoms

6 studies | 300 participants
Per pediatric product instructions (gripe water formulas)

Traditional calming herb; may reduce intestinal spasms; often combined with fennel

4 studies | 200 participants
Per product instructions before feeds

May help if lactose intolerance contributing; breaks down lactose in breast milk or formula

5 studies | 200 participants
2000-4000 IU daily for breastfeeding mother

Some research suggests vitamin D may help with colic; maternal supplementation benefits breast milk

3 studies | 150 participants

How It Works

Infant colic is defined as episodes of crying for more than 3 hours a day, more than 3 days a week, for more than 3 weeks in an otherwise healthy infant. It typically starts around 2-3 weeks of age and usually resolves by 3-4 months. Colic affects about 10-25% of infants.

IMPORTANT: Colic is NOT harmful to the baby long-term, but it is extremely stressful for parents.

WHEN TO SEE A DOCTOR:

Vomiting (especially projectile or bilious)
Blood in stool
Fever
Poor weight gain
Rashes or other symptoms
Inconsolable crying that seems different from usual

POSSIBLE CONTRIBUTING FACTORS:

Immature digestive system
Gas and intestinal discomfort
Cow's milk protein allergy/sensitivity
Maternal diet (if breastfeeding)
Gut microbiome development
Overstimulation

NON-SUPPLEMENT STRATEGIES:

Gentle motion (rocking, car rides, swings)
White noise
Swaddling
Skin-to-skin contact
Pacifier use
Smaller, more frequent feeds
Burping during and after feeds
Maternal diet elimination (dairy, caffeine) if breastfeeding
Formula change (hydrolyzed formula if milk protein allergy suspected)

* Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 is the most studied probiotic for colic. Multiple RCTs show it reduces crying time, especially in breastfed infants.

* Fennel has traditional use for infant digestive discomfort and some clinical evidence.

* Simethicone is commonly used for gas but evidence is mixed.

Expected timeline: Probiotics may show benefit within 1-2 weeks. Colic typically resolves by 3-4 months regardless of treatment.

Generated from peer-reviewed researchSchema v2.0

Detailed Outcomes

B
Infant crying
Moderate Improvement
5 studies
moderateImproves
C
Constipation Signs and Symptoms
Small Improvement
1 study
smallImproves

Research Citations (30)

Evaluation of clinical safety and tolerance of a Lactobacillus reuteri NCIMB 30242 supplement capsule: a randomized control trial
PMID: 22561556
Cholesterol-lowering efficacy of a microencapsulated bile salt hydrolase-active Lactobacillus reuteri NCIMB 30242 yoghurt formulation in hypercholesterolaemic adults
PMID: 22067612
Cholesterol lowering and inhibition of sterol absorption by Lactobacillus reuteri NCIMB 30242: a randomized controlled trial
PMID: 22990854
Oral supplementation with probiotic L. reuteri NCIMB 30242 increases mean circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D: a post hoc analysis of a randomized controlled trial
PMID: 23609838
Safety and tolerance of Lactobacillus reuteri supplementation to a population infected with the human immunodeficiency virus
PMID: 9862651
Probiotics for infantile colic: Is there evidence beyond doubt? A meta-analysis and systematic review.
PMID: 37962097
Probiotics to prevent or treat excessive infant crying: systematic review and meta-analysis
PMID: 24100440
Treating infant colic with the probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri: double blind, placebo controlled randomised trial
PMID: 24690625
Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 in infantile colic: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
PMID: 20713478
Prophylactic use of a probiotic in the prevention of colic, regurgitation, and functional constipation: a randomized clinical trial
PMID: 24424513

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