Condition
Eisenmenger Syndrome
Eisenmenger syndrome is a complication of an untreated large hole in the heart, where years of extra blood flow stiffen the lung vessels until pressure rises and oxygen-poor blood crosses into the body's circulation. Iron is rated moderate for this condition and citrulline limited, and small studies of citrulline found blood pressure came down. Those studies involved only about 25 people in total, so the findings are early.
Sources: PMID 31889969; PMID 21154265
- Supplements studied
- 1
- Graded outcomes
- 1
- Trials
- 1
- People studied
- 25
Evidence by supplement
- Strong
- Moderate
- Limited
- Very limited
| Grade | Outcome | Effect | Size | Studies | People | Studies list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Blood Pressure Small Improvement | Improves (the measure goes down) | Small effect | 7 studies | 25 people | ||
Studies that measured blood pressure
| ||||||
| Exercise Capacity | Improves (the measure goes up) | 25 people | ||||
Key findings
- Blood PressureImproves (the measure goes down)
The Eisenmenger Syndrome Supportive Care protocol
1 primary supplement · 5 supporting supplements
- IronBased on iron studies - guided by pulmonary hypertension specialist (target ferritin >50 ng/mL)
Studies cited
45 studies from PubMed
- l-Citrulline supplementation improves O2 uptake kinetics and high-intensity exercise performance in humans
- Effects of supplemental citrulline malate ingestion during repeated bouts of lower-body exercise in advanced weightlifters
- The Effect of Citrulline/Malate on Blood Lactate Levels in Intensive Exercise
- Citrulline Malate Fails to Improve German Volume Training Performance in Healthy Young Men and Women
- L-citrulline reduces time to exhaustion and insulin response to a graded exercise test
- Effects of Supplemental Citrulline-Malate Ingestion on Blood Lactate, Cardiovascular Dynamics, and Resistance Exercise Performance in Trained Males
- Effects of Citrulline Malate and Beetroot Juice Supplementation on Blood Flow, Energy Metabolism, and Performance During Maximum Effort Leg Extension Exercise
- Eight weeks of resistance training in conjunction with glutathione and L-Citrulline supplementation increases lean mass and has no adverse effects on blood clinical safety markers in resistance-trained males
- Citrulline/malate promotes aerobic energy production in human exercising muscle
- Citrulline malate enhances athletic anaerobic performance and relieves muscle soreness
- Acute Effect of Citrulline Malate Supplementation on Upper-Body Resistance Exercise Performance in Recreationally Resistance-Trained Men
- Acute citrulline malate supplementation improves upper- and lower-body submaximal weightlifting exercise performance in resistance-trained females
- Acute Effects of Citrulline Supplementation on High-Intensity Strength and Power Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
- Acute citrulline-malate supplementation improves maximal strength and anaerobic power in female, masters athletes tennis players
- Impact of L-citrulline supplementation and whole-body vibration training on arterial stiffness and leg muscle function in obese postmenopausal women with high blood pressure
- Impact of l-citrulline supplementation on oxygen uptake kinetics during walking
- Effects of L-citrulline oral supplementation on polymorphonuclear neutrophils oxidative burst and nitric oxide production after exercise
- Oral L-citrulline supplementation enhances cycling time trial performance in healthy trained men: Double-blind randomized placebo-controlled 2-way crossover study
- Acute citrulline-malate supplementation is ineffective during aerobic cycling and subsequent anaerobic performance in recreationally active males
- One Week of L-Citrulline Supplementation Improves Performance in Trained Cyclists
- Oral L-citrulline supplementation attenuates blood pressure response to cold pressor test in young men
- The effects of short term L-citrulline supplementation on wave reflection responses to cold exposure with concurrent isometric exercise
- l-Citrulline supplementation attenuates blood pressure, wave reflection and arterial stiffness responses to metaboreflex and cold stress in overweight men
- Does l-citrulline supplementation improve exercise blood flow in older adults?
- Effect of oral L-citrulline on brachial and aortic blood pressure defined by resting status: evidence from randomized controlled trials
- Acute effects of Nitrosigine® and citrulline malate on vasodilation in young adults
- Acute Citrulline-Malate Supplementation and High-Intensity Cycling Performance
- Oxidative stress and nitrate/nitrite (NOx) status following citrulline supplementation in type 2 diabetes: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
- Improvement of ventricular function in systolic heart failure patients with oral L-citrulline supplementation
- Effect of L-arginine or L-citrulline oral supplementation on blood pressure and right ventricular function in heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction
- Effect of citrulline on post-exercise rating of perceived exertion, muscle soreness, and blood lactate levels: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
- Citrulline Malate Does Not Improve Muscle Recovery after Resistance Exercise in Untrained Young Adult Men
- L-citrulline improves splanchnic perfusion and reduces gut injury during exercise
- Short-term effects of L-citrulline supplementation on arterial stiffness in middle-aged men
- Inter-Individual Responses to Citrulline Malate Oral Supplementation on Post-Exercise Hypotension in Hypertensives: A 24-Hour Analysis
- Acute Effects of Citrulline Malate Supplementation on Nocturnal Blood Pressure Dipping After Exercise in Hypertensive Patients: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial.
- L-Citrulline increases nitric oxide and improves control in obese asthmatics
- Chronic l-citrulline supplementation improves cardiac sympathovagal balance in obese postmenopausal women: A preliminary report
- Inflammatory markers response to citrulline supplementation in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial
- Oral l-citrulline malate in patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension and Eisenmenger Syndrome: a clinical trial
- L-citrulline-malate influence over branched chain amino acid utilization during exercise
- Dose-ranging effects of citrulline administration on plasma amino acids and hormonal patterns in healthy subjects: the Citrudose pharmacokinetic study
- Oral citrulline does not affect whole body protein metabolism in healthy human volunteers: results of a prospective, randomized, double-blind, cross-over study
- Oral L-citrulline supplementation improves erection hardness in men with mild erectile dysfunction
- Nitric oxide precursors and congenital heart surgery: a randomized controlled trial of oral citrulline