Supplement
PQQ is a compound that helps cells build new mitochondria, the tiny structures that produce their energy. People mostly look at it for fatigue and low energy, and a small study found fatigue symptoms and pain improved, though the evidence is limited. That research involved only 17 people, and a separate tiny study of 10 found no clear difference in blood glucose, so firm conclusions will need larger trials.
Sources: PMID 24231099
- Updated
- How we grade
- 1 study cited
- Best evidence
- Grade C
- Conditions studied
- 4
- Outcomes
- 21
- Graded outcomes
- 0041
Evidence by condition
- Strong
- Moderate
- Limited
- Very limited
| Grade | Outcome | Effect | Size | Studies | People | Studies list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fatigue Symptoms Small Improvement | Improves (the measure goes down) | Small effect | 17 people | |||
| Pain Small Improvement | Improves (the measure goes down) | Small effect | 17 people | |||
| Sleep Quality | Improves (the measure goes up) | 17 people | ||||
| Stress Signs and Symptoms | Improves (the measure goes down) | 17 people |
| Grade | Outcome | Effect | Size | Studies | People | Studies list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fatigue Symptoms Small Improvement | Improves (the measure goes down) | Small effect | 17 people | |||
| Pain | Improves (the measure goes down) | 17 people | ||||
| Sleep Quality | Improves (the measure goes up) | 17 people | ||||
| Stress Signs and Symptoms | Improves (the measure goes down) | 17 people |
Stress
- Fatigue Symptoms: improves
- Pain: improves
- Sleep Quality: improves
| Grade | Outcome | Effect | Size | Studies | People | Studies list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fatigue Symptoms Small Improvement | Improves (the measure goes down) | Small effect | 17 people | |||
| Pain | Improves (the measure goes down) | 17 people | ||||
| Sleep Quality | Improves (the measure goes up) | 17 people | ||||
| Stress Signs and Symptoms | Improves (the measure goes down) | 17 people |
Metabolic Health
- Blood glucose
- C-Reactive Protein (CRP): improves
- High-density lipoprotein (HDL): improves
| Grade | Outcome | Effect | Size | Studies | People | Studies list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Blood glucose No effect | NoneNo effect | 1 study | 10 people | |||
Studies that measured blood glucose | ||||||
| C-Reactive Protein (CRP) | Improves (the measure goes down) | 10 people | ||||
| High-density lipoprotein (HDL) | Improves (the measure goes up) | 10 people | ||||
| Interleukin 6 | Improves (the measure goes down) | 10 people | ||||
| Liver Enzymes | Changes; see studies | 10 people | ||||
| Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) | Improves (the measure goes down) | 10 people | ||||
| Oxidative Stress Biomarkers | Improves (the measure goes down) | 10 people | ||||
| TMAO | Improves (the measure goes up) | 10 people | ||||
| Triglycerides | Improves (the measure goes down) | 10 people | ||||
Key findings
- Fatigue SymptomsImproves (the measure goes down)
- PainImproves (the measure goes down)
- Blood glucose
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- Grade C
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Studies cited
1 study from PubMed