Condition
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a severe genetic disease, mostly in boys, where mutations in the dystrophin gene leave muscle fibers fragile and steadily weaker. Vitamin D and calcium have the most backing, with moderate evidence tied to bone health during long-term corticosteroid use, and in creatine studies blood creatinine went up. Creatine research was small, about 30 people across three studies, so that evidence is limited.
Sources: PMID 23800565; PMID 15804248
- Supplements studied
- 2
- Graded outcomes
- 1
- Trials
- 3
- People studied
- 442
Evidence by supplement
- Strong
- Moderate
- Limited
- Very limited
| Grade | Outcome | Effect | Size | Studies | People | Studies list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Muscular Dystrophy Symptoms | Improves (the measure goes down) | 1 study | 30 people | |||
Studies that measured muscular dystrophy symptoms | ||||||
Key findings
- CreatinineImproves (the measure goes up)
The Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Supportive Care protocol
2 primary supplements · 6 supporting supplements
Studies cited
100 studies from PubMed
- Does creatine supplementation improve glycemic control and insulin resistance in healthy and diabetic patients? A systematic review and meta-analysis.
- Role of creatine supplementation on exercise-induced cardiovascular function and oxidative stress
- Three weeks of creatine monohydrate supplementation affects dihydrotestosterone to testosterone ratio in college-aged rugby players
- Does creatine supplementation improve the plasma lipid profile in healthy male subjects undergoing aerobic training
- Effects of creatine supplementation on glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in sedentary healthy males undergoing aerobic training
- Creatine supplementation increases glycogen storage but not GLUT-4 expression in human skeletal muscle
- Creatine supplementation affects glucose homeostasis but not insulin secretion in humans
- Creatine supplementation and health variables: a retrospective study
- Effect of oral creatine supplementation on human muscle GLUT4 protein content after immobilization
- Role of submaximal exercise in promoting creatine and glycogen accumulation in human skeletal muscle
- Effect of creatine monohydrate in improving cellular energetics and muscle strength in ambulatory Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients: a randomized, placebo-controlled 31P MRS study
- Creatine for treating muscle disorders.
- Creatine monohydrate enhances strength and body composition in Duchenne muscular dystrophy
- Comparison of creatine ingestion and resistance training on energy expenditure and limb blood flow
- Creatine, arginine alpha-ketoglutarate, amino acids, and medium-chain triglycerides and endurance and performance
- The effects of creatine ethyl ester supplementation combined with heavy resistance training on body composition, muscle performance, and serum and muscle creatine levels
- Effect of in-season creatine supplementation on body composition and performance in rugby union football players
- Creatine fails to augment the benefits from resistance training in patients with HIV infection: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
- Effect of creatine and weight training on muscle creatine and performance in vegetarians
- Effects of creatine supplementation in taekwondo practitioners
- Creatine supplementation improves muscular performance in older women
- The effects of creatine monohydrate supplementation with and without D-pinitol on resistance training adaptations
- Effects of creatine on body composition and strength gains after 4 weeks of resistance training in previously nonresistance-trained humans
- Creatine monohydrate supplementation on body weight and percent body fat
- Reliability and detecting change following short-term creatine supplementation: comparison of two-component body composition methods
- Low-dose creatine supplementation enhances fatigue resistance in the absence of weight gain
- Efficacy of Creatine Supplementation Combined with Resistance Training on Muscle Strength and Muscle Mass in Older Females: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
- The Paradoxical Effect of Creatine Monohydrate on Muscle Damage Markers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
- Creatine supplementation and physical training in patients with COPD: a double blind, placebo-controlled study
- Creatine monohydrate increases strength in patients with neuromuscular disease
- Effect of creatine ingestion after exercise on muscle thickness in males and females
- Does nutritional supplementation influence adaptability of muscle to resistance training in men aged 48 to 72 years
- Effects of four weeks of high-intensity interval training and creatine supplementation on critical power and anaerobic working capacity in college-aged men
- Effect of creatine and beta-alanine supplementation on performance and endocrine responses in strength/power athletes
- Effect of short-term creatine supplementation on neuromuscular function
- The effects of polyethylene glycosylated creatine supplementation on muscular strength and power
- Effect of thirty days of creatine supplementation with phosphate salts on anaerobic working capacity and body weight in men
- The effects of supplementation with creatine and protein on muscle strength following a traditional resistance training program in middle-aged and older men
- The effects of pre versus post workout supplementation of creatine monohydrate on body composition and strength
- Effect of different frequencies of creatine supplementation on muscle size and strength in young adults
- Effects of creatine monohydrate and polyethylene glycosylated creatine supplementation on muscular strength, endurance, and power output
- The effects of creatine supplementation on muscular performance and body composition responses to short-term resistance training overreaching
- Creatine as a metabolic controller of skeletal muscles structure and function in strength exercises in humans
- Effects of creatine monohydrate supplementation on body composition and strength indices in experienced resistance trained women
- Effects of oral creatine and resistance training on serum myostatin and GASP-1
- Effects of two and five days of creatine loading on muscular strength and anaerobic power in trained athletes
- Effects of high dose oral creatine supplementation on anaerobic capacity of elite wrestlers
- The effects of four weeks of creatine supplementation and high-intensity interval training on cardiorespiratory fitness: a randomized controlled trial
- Effect of caffeine ingestion after creatine supplementation on intermittent high-intensity sprint performance
- Effects of creatine supplementation and three days of resistance training on muscle strength, power output, and neuromuscular function
- Mg2+-creatine chelate and a low-dose creatine supplementation regimen improve exercise performance
- Physiological responses to short-term exercise in the heat after creatine loading
- Skeletal muscle total creatine content and creatine transporter gene expression in vegetarians prior to and following creatine supplementation
- Muscle glycogen supercompensation is enhanced by prior creatine supplementation
- Effect of creatine on aerobic and anaerobic metabolism in skeletal muscle in swimmers
- Parallel increases in phosphocreatine and total creatine in human vastus lateralis muscle during creatine supplementation
- Creatine supplementation reduces muscle inosine monophosphate during endurance exercise in humans
- Effects of creatine loading and prolonged creatine supplementation on body composition, fuel selection, sprint and endurance performance in humans
- Effects of creatine supplementation on aerobic power and cardiovascular structure and function
- Effect of two and five days of creatine loading on anaerobic working capacity in women
- Effect of creatine phosphate supplementation on anaerobic working capacity and body weight after two and six days of loading in men and women
- Effects of creatine loading on electromyographic fatigue threshold in cycle ergometry in college-age men
- Effects of creatine loading on electromyographic fatigue threshold during cycle ergometry in college-aged women
- Effect of low-dose, short-duration creatine supplementation on anaerobic exercise performance
- Short-term creatine supplementation does not improve muscle activation or sprint performance in humans
- Creatine supplementation: effects on urinary excretion and anaerobic performance
- Effects of creatine supplementation on the onset of neuromuscular fatigue threshold and muscle strength in elderly men and women (64 - 86 years)
- The effect and safety of short-term creatine supplementation on performance of push-ups
- Effects of creatine loading on muscular strength and endurance of female softball players
- The effect of creatine supplementation on muscle fatigue and physiological indices following intermittent swimming bouts
- Creatine supplementation augments the increase in satellite cell and myonuclei number in human skeletal muscle induced by strength training
- Creatine supplementation does not enhance submaximal aerobic training adaptations in healthy young men and women
- Effect of creatine supplementation and resistance-exercise training on muscle insulin-like growth factor in young adults
- Increased IGF mRNA in human skeletal muscle after creatine supplementation
- Effect of creatine supplementation during cast-induced immobilization on the preservation of muscle mass, strength, and endurance
- Creatine supplementation enhances muscle force recovery after eccentrically-induced muscle damage in healthy individuals
- The effect of short-term creatine loading on active range of movement
- Acute creatine loading enhances human growth hormone secretion
- Creatine Supplementation and Lower Limb Strength Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses
- Creatine Supplementation and Upper Limb Strength Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
- The Effects of Creatine Supplementation Combined with Resistance Training on Regional Measures of Muscle Hypertrophy: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.
- The Effect of Creatine Supplementation on Resistance Training-Based Changes to Body Composition: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
- Effects of Creatine Supplementation and Resistance Training on Muscle Strength Gains in Adults <50 Years of Age: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
- The Effects of Creatine Supplementation on Upper- and Lower-Body Strength and Power: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
- Effects of creatine supplementation on oxidative stress and inflammatory markers after repeated-sprint exercise in humans
- The effect of creatine supplementation upon inflammatory and muscle soreness markers after a 30km race
- Creatine supplementation and performance in 6 consecutive 60 meter sprints
- The effects of creatine loading and gender on anaerobic running capacity
- The effects of acute creatine supplementation on multiple sprint cycling and running performance in rugby players
- Creatine supplementation and multiple sprint running performance
- The effects of creatine loading on thermoregulation and intermittent sprint exercise performance in a hot humid environment
- Creatine supplementation does not improve sprint performance in competitive swimmers
- Ergolytic/ergogenic effects of creatine on aerobic power
- Creatine supplementation during pulmonary rehabilitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- Randomized controlled trial of dietary creatine as an adjunct therapy to physical training in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- Creatine supplementation for patients with COPD receiving pulmonary rehabilitation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- Effect of creatine supplementation and sleep deprivation, with mild exercise, on cognitive and psychomotor performance, mood state, and plasma concentrations of catecholamines and cortisol
- Creatine supplementation, sleep deprivation, cortisol, melatonin and behavior
- The effects of creatine supplementation on cognitive function in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
- Effects of creatine on mental fatigue and cerebral hemoglobin oxygenation