Condition
Agoraphobia
Agoraphobia is an anxiety disorder in which people fear and avoid places like public transport, crowds, or being outside alone, because escape or help might feel out of reach if panic strikes. Among supplements, inositol has the most research behind it, and small trials found anxiety symptoms eased in people with panic-related fears. Those studies were tiny, about 21 people across three studies, so the evidence is limited and firm conclusions aren't possible yet.
Sources: PMID 11386498
- Supplements studied
- 2
- Graded outcomes
- 2
- Trials
- 2
- People studied
- 162
Evidence by supplement
- Strong
- Moderate
- Limited
- Very limited
| Grade | Outcome | Effect | Size | Studies | People | Studies list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anxiety Symptoms Small Improvement | Improves (the measure goes down) | Small effect | 3 studies | 21 people | ||
| Panic Attacks | Improves (the measure goes down) | 1 study | 21 people | |||
Studies that measured panic attacks | ||||||
| Grade | Outcome | Effect | Size | Studies | People | Studies list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aggression Small Improvement | Improves (the measure goes up) | Small effect | 141 people | |||
| Anxiety Symptoms | Improves (the measure goes down) | 7 studies | 141 people | |||
| Subjective Well-Being | Improves (the measure goes up) | 3 studies | 141 people | |||
Studies that measured subjective well-being
| ||||||
| Liver Enzymes | Changes; see studies | 141 people | ||||
Key findings
- Anxiety SymptomsImproves (the measure goes down)
- AggressionImproves (the measure goes up)
The Agoraphobia Supportive Care protocol
2 primary supplements · 7 supporting supplements
- Inositol12–18 g daily in divided doses (start lower, titrate up)
- Lavender Oil (Silexan)80–160 mg Silexan (standardized lavender oil) daily
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Studies cited
68 studies from PubMed
- Myo-Inositol in Patients with PCOS: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
- Myo-Inositol and D-Chiro-Inositol in PCOS Treatment: A Meta-Analysis
- Inositol and Insulin Resistance: Mechanisms and Clinical Evidence
- Inositol and Depression: A Systematic Review
- Inositol and PCOS: A Comprehensive Review of Clinical Evidence
- Inositol in Anxiety Disorders: A Systematic Review
- Myo-Inositol in Gestational Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis
- Inositol and Fertility: A Comprehensive Review
- Safety and Efficacy of Inositol in Clinical Practice: A Review
- Inositol Effects on Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review
- The combined therapy with myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol reduces the risk of metabolic disease in PCOS overweight patients compared to myo-inositol supplementation alone
- Effects of inositol on ovarian function and metabolic factors in women with PCOS: a randomized double blind placebo-controlled trial
- Differential insulin response to myo-inositol administration in obese polycystic ovary syndrome patients
- Inositol administration reduces oxidative stress in erythrocytes of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome
- Effects of d-chiro-inositol in lean women with the polycystic ovary syndrome
- Insulin sensitiser agents alone and in co-treatment with r-FSH for ovulation induction in PCOS women
- Efficacy of myo-inositol in the treatment of cutaneous disorders in young women with polycystic ovary syndrome
- Metabolic and hormonal effects of myo-inositol in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a double-blind trial
- Myo-inositol administration positively affects hyperinsulinemia and hormonal parameters in overweight patients with polycystic ovary syndrome
- Pharmacological and Non-Pharmacological Interventions for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) in Indian Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
- Inositol is an effective and safe treatment in polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
- Effects of myo-inositol supplementation on oocyte's quality in PCOS patients: a double blind trial
- Myo-inositol rather than D-chiro-inositol is able to improve oocyte quality in intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles. A prospective, controlled, randomized trial
- Myo-inositol may prevent gestational diabetes in PCOS women
- Inositol for subfertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
- Myo-inositol treatment increases serum plasmalogens and decreases small dense LDL, particularly in hyperlipidemic subjects with metabolic syndrome
- One-year effects of myo-inositol supplementation in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome
- A phase I study of myo-inositol for lung cancer chemoprevention
- Treatment of hirsutism with myo-inositol: a prospective clinical study
- Inositol for depressive disorders.
- Double-blind, controlled trial of inositol treatment of depression
- Treatment-resistant bipolar depression: a STEP-BD equipoise randomized effectiveness trial of antidepressant augmentation with lamotrigine, inositol, or risperidone
- Inositol addition does not improve depression in SSRI treatment failures
- Effect of inositol on bulimia nervosa and binge eating
- Inositol Nutritional Supplementation for the Prevention of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
- The effect of myoinositol supplementation on insulin resistance in patients with gestational diabetes
- Dietary supplementation with myo-inositol in women during pregnancy for treating gestational diabetes.
- A phase 2 randomized trial of ELND005, scyllo-inositol, in mild to moderate Alzheimer disease
- Inositol treatment of Alzheimer's disease: a double blind, cross-over placebo controlled trial
- Lack of effect of inositol treatment in chronic schizophrenia
- CSF inositol in schizophrenia and high-dose inositol treatment of schizophrenia
- Double-blind, controlled, crossover trial of inositol versus fluvoxamine for the treatment of panic disorder
- Double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial of inositol treatment for panic disorder
- Acute inositol does not attenuate m-CPP-induced anxiety, mydriasis and endocrine effects in panic disorder
- Myo-inositol in the treatment of premenstrual dysphoric disorder
- Myo-inositol has no beneficial effect on premenstrual dysphoric disorder
- Inositol as an add-on treatment for bipolar depression
- Inositol treatment of autism
- Inositol treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder
- Inositol treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder
- Lack of effect of 6 g inositol treatment of post-ECT cognitive function in humans
- The effect of inositol supplements on the psoriasis of patients taking lithium: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial
- Pretreatment with myo-inositol in non polycystic ovary syndrome patients undergoing multiple follicular stimulation for IVF: a pilot study
- The effects of inositol supplementation on lipid profiles among patients with metabolic diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
- The efficacy and safety of inositol supplementation in preterm infants to prevent retinopathy of prematurity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
- Kava-kava extract WS 1490 versus placebo in anxiety disorders--a randomized placebo-controlled 25-week outpatient trial
- Treatment of anxiety, tension and restlessness states with Kava special extract WS 1490 in general practice: a randomized placebo-controlled double-blind multicenter trial
- Efficacy of kava-kava in the treatment of non-psychotic anxiety, following pretreatment with benzodiazepines
- Kava extract for treating anxiety
- Clinical efficacy of kava extract WS 1490 in sleep disturbances associated with anxiety disorders. Results of a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial
- Kava treatment in patients with anxiety
- Medicinal herbs for the treatment of anxiety: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.
- Efficacy of kava extract for treating anxiety: systematic review and meta-analysis.
- A placebo-controlled study of Kava kava in generalized anxiety disorder
- The Kava Anxiety Depression Spectrum Study (KADSS): a randomized, placebo-controlled crossover trial using an aqueous extract of Piper methysticum
- Kava and valerian in the treatment of stress-induced insomnia
- Effect of kava and valerian on human physiological and psychological responses to mental stress assessed under laboratory conditions
- Enhanced cognitive performance and cheerful mood by standardized extracts of Piper methysticum (Kava-kava)