Condition
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B is a viral infection of the liver that can be short-lived or become chronic, lasting more than six months. Among supplements, thymosin alpha-1 has the strongest evidence, and three trials with about 520 people found that liver enzyme (ALT) levels returned to normal more often. Vitamin D and vitamin E have also been studied, but evidence for both is limited so far.
Sources: PMID 9581695; PMID 10607256
- Supplements studied
- 0
- Medicines and peptides
- 1
- Graded outcomes
- 3
No supplement studies yetWe haven’t found supplement studies for Hepatitis B. The medicines and peptides studied for it are listed below.
Prescription medicines and peptides studied, for context
| Grade | Outcome | Effect | Size | Studies | People | Studies list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HBeAg Seroconversion Moderate Improvement | Improves (the measure goes up) | Moderate effect | 3 studies | 485 people | ||
Studies that measured hbeag seroconversion | ||||||
| ALT Normalization Moderate Improvement | Improves (the measure goes down) | Moderate effect | 3 studies | 520 people | ||
Studies that measured alt normalization | ||||||
| HBV DNA Clearance Moderate Improvement | Improves (the measure goes up) | Moderate effect | 3 studies | 380 people | ||
Studies that measured hbv dna clearance | ||||||
Key findings
- HBeAg SeroconversionImproves (the measure goes up)
- ALT NormalizationImproves (the measure goes down)
- HBV DNA ClearanceImproves (the measure goes up)
The Hepatitis B Supportive Care protocol
2 primary supplements · 3 supporting supplements
Studies cited
55 studies from PubMed
- Thymosin alpha 1 alleviates inflammation and prevents infection in patients with severe acute pancreatitis through immune regulation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
- The efficacy and safety of thymosin α1 for sepsis (TESTS): multicentre, double blinded, randomised, placebo controlled, phase 3 trial.
- The efficacy and safety of thymosin alpha-1 combined with lenvatinib plus sintilimab in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective study.
- PD-1 inhibitor combined with SBRT, GM-CSF, and thymosin alpha-1 in metastatic breast cancer: A case report and literature review.
- Thymosin α1 reverses oncolytic adenovirus-induced M2 polarization of macrophages to improve antitumor immunity and therapeutic efficacy.
- Thymosin Alpha 1 Plus Routine Treatment for the Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
- Comprehensive Review of the Safety and Efficacy of Thymosin Alpha 1 in Human Clinical Trials.
- Thymosin α-1 in cancer therapy: Immunoregulation and potential applications
- Thymosin alpha 1 - Reimagine its broader applications in the immuno-oncology era
- The efficacy of thymosin alpha-1 therapy in moderate to critical COVID-19 patients: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression.
- Thymosin α-1 Reverses M2 Polarization of Tumor-Associated Macrophages during Efferocytosis.
- Thymosin alpha 1 as an adjuvant to hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in an experimental model of peritoneal metastases from colonic carcinoma.
- Thymosin alpha-1 therapy improves postoperative survival after curative resection for solitary hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma: A propensity score matching analysis.
- Combination of Gemcitabine and Thymosin alpha 1 exhibit a better anti-tumor effect on nasal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma.
- Thymosin alpha 1 exerts beneficial extrapulmonary effects in cystic fibrosis.
- Thymosin α1 therapy in critically ill patients with COVID-19: A multicenter retrospective cohort study
- Immunopotentiator thymosin alpha-1 attenuates inflammatory pain by modulating the Wnt3a/β-catenin pathway in spinal cord.
- Thymosin Alpha 1 Reduces the Mortality of Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 by Restoration of Lymphocytopenia and Reversion of Exhausted T Cells.
- The clinical efficacy and adverse effects of Entecavir plus Thymosin alpha-1 combination therapy versus Entecavir Monotherapy in HBV-related cirrhosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
- Thymosin alpha-1; a natural peptide inhibits cellular proliferation, cell migration, the level of reactive oxygen species and promotes the activity of antioxidant enzymes in human lung epithelial adenocarcinoma cell line (A549).
- Thymosin Alpha-1 Inhibits Complete Freund's Adjuvant-Induced Pain and Production of Microglia-Mediated Pro-inflammatory Cytokines in Spinal Cord.
- Antioxidant and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity of thymosin alpha-1 (Thα1) peptide.
- Thymosin alpha 1 treatment for patients with sepsis
- Immune Modulation with Thymosin Alpha 1 Treatment
- Thymosin alpha1 based immunomodulatory therapy for sepsis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- Thymosin alpha-1 treatment in chronic hepatitis B.
- Historical review of thymosin α 1 in infectious diseases.
- Thymosin α1 and cancer: action on immune effector and tumor target cells
- Effect of thymosin alpha-1 on subpopulations of Th1, Th2, Th17, and regulatory T cells (Tregs) in vitro
- Thymosin-alpha 1 (Zadaxin) enhances the immunogenicity of an adjuvated pandemic H1N1v influenza vaccine (Focetria) in hemodialyzed patients: a pilot study.
- Thymosin alpha-1 with peginterferon alfa-2a/ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C not responsive to IFN/ribavirin: an adjuvant role?
- [Treatment with interferon and thymosin alpha-1 versus interferon monotherapy for HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis B: a meta-analysis].
- Utility of thymosin alpha-1 (Zadaxin) as a co-adjuvant in influenza vaccines: a review.
- Transcription profile of human lymphocytes following in vitro treatment with thymosin alpha-1.
- Thymosin alpha 1 for treatment of hepatitis C virus: promise and proof.
- Treatment with lamivudine versus lamivudine and thymosin alpha-1 for e antigen-positive chronic hepatitis B patients: a meta-analysis.
- Comparison of the efficacy of thymosin alpha-1 and interferon alpha in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B: a meta-analysis.
- Efficacy of thymosin alpha-1 and interferon alpha in treatment of chronic viral hepatitis B: a randomized controlled study.
- Thymalfasin (thymosin-alpha 1) therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B.
- Thymalfasin (thymosin-alpha 1) therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B.
- Thymosin alpha(1) in combination with cytokines and chemotherapy for the treatment of cancer.
- Thymosin alpha-1
- Thymosin alpha 1 in the treatment of cancer: from basic research to clinical application
- Thymosin alpha1 treatment of chronic hepatitis B: results of a phase III multicentre, randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled study
- Efficacy of thymosin alpha1 in patients with chronic hepatitis B: a randomized, controlled trial
- Thymosin alpha 1 antagonizes dexamethasone and CD3-induced apoptosis of CD4+ CD8+ thymocytes through the activation of cAMP and protein kinase C dependent second messenger pathways.
- Thymosin alpha 1 protects liver and aorta from oxidative damage in atherosclerotic rabbits.
- Thymosin alpha 1 effects, in vitro, on lymphokine-activated killer cells from patients with primary immunodeficiencies: preliminary results.
- Thymosin alpha-1 as adjunct for conventional therapy of malignant tumors: a review.
- Thymosin alpha 1 and thymosin beta 4 modulate human colonic lamina propria lymphocyte function.
- Thymosin alpha 1 modulates the expression of high affinity interleukin-2 receptors on normal human lymphocytes.
- A radioimmunoassay for thymosin alpha-1.
- Thymosin alpha 1-induced modulation of cellular responses and functional T-cell subsets in mice with experimental autoimmune thyroiditis.
- Thymosin alpha 1 restores NK-cell activity and prevents tumor progression in mice immunosuppressed by cytostatics or X-rays.
- Immunochemical studies on thymosin: radioimmunoassay of thymosin alpha 1.