Peptide
Exenatide (Byetta/Bydureon)
Exenatide is a GLP-1 receptor agonist peptide approved by the FDA for type 2 diabetes, available as twice-daily (Byetta) and once-weekly extended-release (Bydureon) formulations. It is a synthetic version of exendin-4, a 39-amino-acid peptide originally isolated from Gila monster saliva. The DURATION clinical trial program demonstrated efficacy for glycemic control and weight loss, while the EXSCEL trial assessed cardiovascular outcomes.
- Updated
- How we grade
- 67 studies cited
Research notice. This page is for education and research. Peptides may not be FDA-approved for human use and may only be legally available for research. Talk to a qualified clinician before considering any peptide.
- Best evidence
- Grade A
- Conditions studied
- 2
- Outcomes
- 17
- Graded outcomes
- 5642
Evidence by condition
- Strong
- Moderate
- Limited
- Very limited
General
Key findings
- Glycemic Control (HbA1c <7%)Changes; see studies
- Systolic Blood PressureImproves (the measure goes down)
- Body Weight ReductionImproves (the measure goes down)
Studies cited
67 studies from PubMed
- Exenatide Is Neuroprotective in a New Rabbit Model of Hypoxia-Ischemia.
- Cardiovascular outcomes with exenatide in type 2 diabetes according to ejection fraction: The EXSCEL trial
- Long-acting exenatide does not prevent cognitive decline in mild cognitive impairment: a proof-of-concept clinical trial.
- Exenatide-Modified Deferoxamine-Based Nanoparticles Ameliorates Neurological Deficits in Parkinson's Disease Mice.
- Effect of glucagon like peptide-1 receptor agonist exenatide, used as an intracranial pressure lowering agent, on cognition in Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension.
- Drug release profile of a novel exenatide long-term drug delivery system (OKV-119) administered to cats.
- Exenatide administration time-dependently affects the hepatic circadian clock through glucagon-like peptide-1 receptors in the central nervous system.
- Exenatide improves hypogonadism and attenuates inflammation in diabetic mice by modulating gut microbiota.
- An injectable PEG-like conjugate forms a subcutaneous depot and enables sustained delivery of a peptide drug.
- Screening for Inflammatory Markers Identifies IL-18Rα as a Potential Link between Exenatide and Its Anti-Inflammatory Effect: New Results from the Combat-JUDO Randomized Controlled Trial.
- Defining the Intravital Renal Disposition of Fluorescence-Quenched Exenatide.
- Comparison of exenatide alone or combined with metformin versus metformin in the treatment of polycystic ovaries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
- hUCMSCs carrying exenatide prevent T1DM by improving intestinal microflora composition and islet tissue damage repair.
- Exenatide for weight-loss maintenance in adolescents with severe obesity: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
- Exenatide increases CTRP3 gene expression in adipose cells by inhibiting adipogenesis and induces apoptosis.
- Exenatide improves hepatocyte insulin resistance induced by different regional adipose tissue.
- Exenatide exerts a neuroprotective effect against diabetic cognitive impairment in rats by inhibiting apoptosis: Role of the JNK/c‑JUN signaling pathway.
- Exenatide ameliorates hydrogen peroxide-induced pancreatic β-cell apoptosis through regulation of METTL3-mediated m(6)A methylation.
- Exenatide once weekly for alcohol use disorder investigated in a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
- Exenatide Attenuates Obesity-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction by Activating SIRT1 in Renal Tubular Cells.
- Exenatide Attenuates Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis by Inhibiting the Pyroptosis Signaling Pathway.
- Efficacy and Safety Over 2 Years of Exenatide Plus Dapagliflozin in the DURATION-8 Study: A Multicenter, Double-Blind, Phase 3, Randomized Controlled Trial
- Microvascular and Cardiovascular Outcomes According to Renal Function in Patients Treated With Once-Weekly Exenatide: Insights From the EXSCEL Trial
- GLP-1 receptor agonists for Parkinson's disease.
- Quality by design thinking in the development of long-acting injectable PLGA/PLA-based microspheres for peptide and protein drug delivery.
- Exenatide-loaded inside-porous poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres as a long-acting drug delivery system with improved release characteristics.
- The efficacy and safety of exenatide once weekly in patients with type 2 diabetes.
- Exenatide alleviates mitochondrial dysfunction and cognitive impairment in the 5×FAD mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.
- A Pilot Study of Exenatide Actions in Alzheimer's Disease.
- Exenatide corrects postprandial hyperglycaemia in young people with cystic fibrosis and impaired glucose tolerance: A randomized crossover trial.
- Exenatide alleviates adriamycin-induced heart dysfunction in mice: Modulation of oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammation.
- Exenatide mitigates inflammation and hypoxia along with improved angiogenesis in obese fat tissue.
- Do GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Care if You Have Heart Failure?
- Effect of Once-Weekly Exenatide on Clinical Outcomes According to Baseline Risk in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Insights From the EXSCEL Trial
- Efficacy and Safety of Once-Weekly Semaglutide Versus Exenatide ER in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes (SUSTAIN 3): A 56-Week, Open-Label, Randomized Clinical Trial
- Protective effects of the GLP-1 mimetic exendin-4 in Parkinson's disease.
- Effects of Once-Weekly Exenatide on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes
- Baseline characteristics of patients enrolled in the Exenatide Study of Cardiovascular Event Lowering (EXSCEL)
- A Review of the Long-Term Efficacy, Tolerability, and Safety of Exenatide Once Weekly for Type 2 Diabetes.
- No cognitive-enhancing effect of GLP-1 receptor agonism in antipsychotic-treated, obese patients with schizophrenia.
- Is Exenatide a Treatment for Parkinson's Disease?
- Rationale and design of the EXenatide Study of Cardiovascular Event Lowering (EXSCEL) trial
- Exenatide Once Weekly: A Review of Pharmacology and Treatment Considerations in Type 2 Diabetes.
- Exenatide in obese or overweight patients without diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials.
- The Use of Exenatide in Managing Markers of Cardiovascular Risk in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review.
- Exenatide Extended-Release: An Updated Review of Its Use in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
- Exenatide twice daily: a review of its use in the management of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
- Efficacy, safety, and tolerability of exenatide once weekly in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: an integrated analysis of the DURATION trials
- Once weekly exenatide: efficacy, tolerability and place in therapy.
- Exenatide as a novel weight loss modality in patients without diabetes.
- Exenatide extended-release: a review of its use in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
- DURATION-5: exenatide once weekly resulted in greater improvements in glycemic control compared with exenatide twice daily in patients with type 2 diabetes
- DURATION-1: exenatide once weekly produces sustained glycemic control and weight loss over 52 weeks
- Exenatide and weight loss.
- Exenatide efficacy and safety: a systematic review.
- Acute exenatide (Byetta) poisoning was not associated with significant hypoglycemia.
- Addition of thiazolidinedione or exenatide to oral agents in type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis.
- Exenatide (Byetta) as a novel treatment option for type 2 diabetes mellitus
- Exenatide: a review of its use in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (as an adjunct to metformin and/or a sulfonylurea).
- Is exenatide advancing the treatment of type 2 diabetes?
- Is exenatide a useful addition to diabetes therapy?
- Exenatide: a novel incretin mimetic agent for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus.
- Exenatide: an incretin mimetic for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
- Exenatide: a new option for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
- Exenatide in type 2 diabetes: treatment effects in clinical studies and animal study data.
- Byetta (exenatide): what's your gut feeling?
- Exenatide (Byetta) for type 2 diabetes.