Condition
General Health
General health is the overall state of your body and mind, shaped by how well your organs, hormones, immune defenses and everyday metabolism work together. Tyrothricin, an antibiotic mixture, has the strongest evidence here, and the finding was a warning: across four studies, systemic use caused toxicity, including red blood cell breakdown and kidney damage. Its use has stayed limited to topical and local applications, and its toxicity resembles that of gramicidin, one of its components.
Sources: PMID 17462586; PMID 1391687
- Updated
- How we grade
- 16 studies cited
- Supplements studied
- 0
- Medicines and peptides
- 1
- Graded outcomes
- 1
Prescription medicines and peptides studied, for context
| Grade | Outcome | Effect | Size | Studies | People | Studies list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Systemic Toxicity SAFETY CONCERN: Systemic administration causes significant toxicity - hemolysis and nephrotoxicity. Use restricted to topical and local applications. Similar toxicity profile to component gramicidin. | Worsens (the measure goes up) | Large effect | 4 studies | |||
Studies that measured systemic toxicity
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Key findings
- Systemic ToxicityWorsens (the measure goes up)
Safety notes in the studies
- SAFETY CONCERN: Systemic administration causes significant toxicity - hemolysis and nephrotoxicity.
- Similar toxicity profile to component gramicidin.
Studies cited
16 studies from PubMed
- Electrospun fibers loaded with antimicrobial peptides for treatment of wound infections.
- Efficacy and safety of a triple active sore throat lozenge in the treatment of patients with acute pharyngitis: Results of a multi-centre, randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group trial (DoriPha)
- Tyrothricin--An underrated agent for the treatment of bacterial skin infections and superficial wounds?
- Chitosan-Based Film of Tyrothricin for Enhanced Antimicrobial Activity against Common Skin Pathogens Including Staphylococcus aureus.
- Reduction of Inflammatory and Noninflammatory Lesions with Topical Tyrothricin 0.1% in the Treatment of Mild to Severe Acne Papulopustulosa: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.
- Decade-long use of the antimicrobial peptide combination tyrothricin does not pose a major risk of acquired resistance with gram-positive bacteria and Candida spp
- Inhibition of malaria parasite blood stages by tyrocidines, membrane-active cyclic peptide antibiotics from Bacillus brevis
- Tyrocidine B and gramicidin S. Structure and antibacterial action
- Antibiotics and endodontics.
- In vitro antibacterial activity of gramicidin and tyrothricin.
- [Antiviral activity of tyrothricin against Sendai virus in suspension tests (author's transl)].
- Biosynthesis of peptide antibiotics.
- Peptide antibiotics.
- ANTIBIOTICS. VI. Neomycin, polymyxin B, bacitracin and tyrothricin.
- Tyrothricin as an antibiotic.
- Tyrothricin, a review of selected literature on the subject.