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Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP/Aviptadil)

Peptide

VIP is a 28-amino acid neuropeptide with potent immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and vasodilatory properties. Aviptadil is the synthetic form (RLF-100). FDA orphan drug designation for pulmonary conditions. Preclinical: Highly effective in arthritis, IBD, and autoimmune models. Clinical trials for pulmonary hypertension showed hemodynamic improvements. COVID-19 ARDS trials showed mixed results - improved survival in small trial but negative in larger TESICO trial (n=461). Major limitation: short plasma half-life requiring specialized delivery.

Quick Answer

What it is

VIP is a 28-amino acid neuropeptide with potent immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and vasodilatory properties. Aviptadil is the synthetic form (RLF-100).

Key findings

  • Grade A: ARDS/Respiratory Failure (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome)
  • Grade B: Pulmonary Hemodynamics (Pulmonary Hypertension)
  • Grade C: Immune Function

Safety

No specific caution or interaction language was detected in the current summary/outcome notes.

⚠️ Research Notice

This peptide information is for educational and research purposes only. Peptides may not be FDA-approved for human use and may only be legally available for research purposes. Consult qualified healthcare professionals before considering any peptide compounds.

ℹ️ Quick Facts: Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP/Aviptadil)

Quick Facts: Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP/Aviptadil)

  • Best Evidence:Grade A
  • Conditions Studied:4
  • Research Outcomes:13
  • Grade A Findings:1
  • Grade B Findings:1
  • Key Effect:Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
A1
B1
C9
D2
4 conditions · 13 outcomes

Detailed Outcomes

|
A
ARDS/Respiratory Failure
Mixed results: Small RCT (n=196) showed improved 60-day survival with IV aviptadil vs placebo. Larger TESICO trial (n=461) found no difference in primary endpoint (alive and free from respiratory failure at day 60). Clinical benefit uncertain.
none
B
Pulmonary Hemodynamics
Petkov 2003: Inhaled VIP reduced pulmonary artery pressure, improved cardiac output and mixed venous oxygen in PAH patients. VIP deficiency found in PAH patient serum and lung tissue. Small clinical studies show promise.
moderate↑Improves
C
Immune Function
12 preclinical studies support this finding. Primarily preclinical evidence.
moderate↑Improves
C
Anti-Cancer Activity
5 preclinical studies support this finding. Primarily preclinical evidence.
small↑Improves
C
Liver Protection
4 preclinical studies support this finding. Primarily preclinical evidence.
small↑Improves
D
Reproductive Outcomes
2 preclinical studies support this finding. Primarily preclinical evidence.
small↑Improves
D
Cardiac Protection
2 preclinical studies support this finding. Primarily preclinical evidence.
small↑Improves
C
Arthritis Severity Reduction
Preclinical: Completely abrogated joint swelling and cartilage/bone destruction in collagen-induced arthritis models. Protected against bone destruction. Downregulated both inflammatory and autoimmune disease components. No completed human RCTs.
large↓Improves
C
Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Preclinical: VIP levels downregulated during intestinal inflammation. Animal models show potent anti-inflammatory effects. Nanomedicine delivery systems (SSM) allow lower effective doses. No completed human RCTs for IBD.
moderate↓Improves

Research Citations (53)

Aviptadil Therapy in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
(2025)
PMID: 41368449
Aviptadil as a Promising Intervention: A Case Study for Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury Treatment in a Cardiac Patient.
(2024)
PMID: 38458826
Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide for Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 and Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure: Effect on Mortality-The TESICO Trial
(2023)
PMID: 37328169
Vasoactive intestinal peptide blockade suppresses tumor growth by regulating macrophage polarization and function in CT26 tumor-bearing mice.
(2023)
PMID: 36650220
Intravenous aviptadil and remdesivir for treatment of COVID-19-associated hypoxaemic respiratory failure in the USA (TESICO): a randomised, placebo-controlled trial.
(2023)
PMID: 37348524
The Use of IV Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (Aviptadil) in Patients With Critical COVID-19 Respiratory Failure: Results of a 60-Day Randomized Controlled Trial
(2022)
PMID: 36193478
Brief Report: Rapid Clinical Recovery From Critical Coronavirus Disease 2019 With Respiratory Failure in a Pregnant Patient Treated With IV Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide.
(2022)
PMID: 35018346
The Use of IV Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (Aviptadil) in Patients With Critical COVID-19 Respiratory Failure: Results of a 60-Day Randomized Controlled Trial.
(2022)
PMID: 36044317
Editorial: GPCR in Inflammatory and Cancer Diseases.
(2020)
PMID: 33101216
Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Changes the Frequency and Force of Myocardial Contraction in Rats.
(2020)
PMID: 33098516