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PT-141 (Bremelanotide)

Peptide

PT-141 (Bremelanotide, brand name Vyleesi) is a synthetic cyclic heptapeptide melanocortin receptor agonist derived from the tanning peptide Melanotan II. It was FDA-approved in June 2019 for treating hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) in premenopausal women. Unlike PDE5 inhibitors, PT-141 works through central nervous system pathways to enhance sexual desire rather than peripheral blood flow.

Quick Answer

What it is

PT-141 (Bremelanotide, brand name Vyleesi) is a synthetic cyclic heptapeptide melanocortin receptor agonist derived from the tanning peptide Melanotan II. It was FDA-approved in June 2019 for treating hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) in premenopausal women.

Key findings

  • Grade A: Sexual Desire (FSDS-DAO) (Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder)
  • Grade A: Sexual Distress (Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder)
  • Grade A: Sexually Satisfying Events (Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder)

Safety

No specific caution or interaction language was detected in the current summary/outcome notes.

⚠️ Research Notice

This peptide information is for educational and research purposes only. Peptides may not be FDA-approved for human use and may only be legally available for research purposes. Consult qualified healthcare professionals before considering any peptide compounds.

ℹ️ Quick Facts: PT-141 (Bremelanotide)

Quick Facts: PT-141 (Bremelanotide)

  • Best Evidence:Grade A
  • Conditions Studied:3
  • Research Outcomes:10
  • Grade A Findings:3
  • Grade B Findings:5
  • Key Effect:Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder
A3
B5
C0
D2
3 conditions · 10 outcomes

Detailed Outcomes

|
A
Sexual Desire (FSDS-DAO)
Two Phase 3 RECONNECT trials (n=1202) showed bremelanotide significantly improved desire scores on the FSDS-DAO (Female Sexual Distress Scale-Desire/Arousal/Orgasm) compared to placebo across all subgroups.
moderate↑Improves
A
Sexual Distress
Bremelanotide significantly decreased distress associated with low sexual desire in premenopausal women with HSDD in two Phase 3 randomized controlled trials.
moderate↓Improves
A
Sexually Satisfying Events
Sexually satisfying events increased by 0.7 per month with bremelanotide vs 0.2 with placebo in a 12-week dose-finding trial of 293 premenopausal women.
small↑Improves
B
Long-Term Efficacy
During the 52-week open-label extension of RECONNECT, sustained improvements in HSDD symptoms were maintained with no new safety signals observed.
moderate↑Improves
B
Subjective Sexual Arousal
Early studies showed bremelanotide positively affected subjective sexual arousal in women with female sexual arousal disorder.
moderate↑Improves
B
Erectile Response
In Phase 1 studies, intranasal PT-141 induced statistically significant erectile responses in healthy males and ED patients at doses >7mg, with onset in approximately 30 minutes.
moderate↑Improves
B
Erectile Function (ED Patients)
PT-141 was effective in Viagra-responsive ED patients, demonstrating a central mechanism distinct from PDE5 inhibitors.
moderate↑Improves
D
Blood Pressure
2 preclinical studies support this finding. Primarily preclinical evidence.
small↓Improves

Research Citations (39)

Female Sexual Desire, Arousal, and Orgasmic Dysfunctions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Treatment Options.
(2026)
PMID: 40543759
2024 SOGC, 2024 NCCN, 2022 ESO-ESMO, and 2018 ASCO: a comparison of female cancer survivorship guidelines for the management of sexual health concerns.
(2025)
PMID: 40518469
Practical considerations and emerging approaches for the management of vasomotor and sexual symptoms in breast cancer patients on endocrine therapies.
(2025)
PMID: 41088800
Intravenous peptides and amino acids for erectile dysfunction: a narrative review of current applications and future directions.
(2025)
PMID: 40069591
A Comprehensive Review of Novel FDA-Approved Psychiatric Medications (2018-2022).
(2024)
PMID: 38646400
Prespecified and Integrated Subgroup Analyses from the RECONNECT Phase 3 Studies of Bremelanotide
(2022)
PMID: 35230162
An evaluation of bremelanotide injection for the treatment of hypoactive sexual desire disorder
(2022)
PMID: 36242769
Safety Profile of Bremelanotide Across the Clinical Development Program.
(2022)
PMID: 35147466
Management of Hypertension with Female Sexual Dysfunction.
(2022)
PMID: 35630054
Effect of bremelanotide on body weight of obese women: Data from two phase 1 randomized controlled trials.
(2022)
PMID: 35170192