Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Research on anticoagulation, antiplatelet therapy, and procedural outcomes during and after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI/angioplasty) including stent placement.

Quick Answer

What it is

Research on anticoagulation, antiplatelet therapy, and procedural outcomes during and after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI/angioplasty) including stent placement.

Key findings

  • Grade A: Major Bleeding Reduction (Bivalirudin)
  • Grade A: Net Adverse Clinical Events (Bivalirudin)
  • Grade A: Death/MI After PCI Stenting (Eptifibatide (Integrilin))

Safety

  • 37% relative risk reduction.
ℹ️ Quick Facts

Quick Facts: Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

  • Supplements Studied:2
2 supps · 5 outcomes

Detailed Outcomes

A
Major Bleeding Reduction
HORIZONS-AMI: Major bleeding 4.9% vs 8.3% with heparin+GPI (P<0.001). ACUITY: 47% relative reduction in major bleeding. REPLACE-2: Significantly lower bleeding with bivalirudin monotherapy. Consistent across 25,000+ patients in pooled analyses.
large↓Improves
A
Net Adverse Clinical Events
HORIZONS-AMI: NACE 9.2% vs 12.1% with heparin+GPI at 30 days. ACUITY: Similar ischemic outcomes with reduced bleeding. 1-year follow-up confirmed sustained benefit. Net clinical benefit driven primarily by bleeding reduction.
moderate↓Improves
B
Mortality
HORIZONS-AMI: 1-year all-cause mortality 3.5% vs 4.8% (P=0.037). Cardiac mortality 2.1% vs 3.1% (P=0.047). VALIDATE-SWEDEHEART: No mortality difference vs heparin alone at 180 days. Mortality benefit may relate to bleeding reduction.
moderate↓Improves
B
Acute Stent Thrombosis
SAFETY CONCERN: HORIZONS-AMI: Higher acute stent thrombosis within 24h (1.3% vs 0.3%, P<0.001). HEAT-PPCI: Stent thrombosis 3.4% vs 0.9% with heparin. Mitigated by post-PCI bivalirudin infusion (BRIGHT trial). ESC guidelines downgraded to Class IIb in 2018.
small↓Worsens
A
Death/MI After PCI Stenting
ESPRIT (n=2,064): Death/MI/TVR 7.5% vs 11.5% at 6 months (HR 0.63, P=0.002). MI reduced at 48h from 9% to 5.4% (P=0.0015). 37% relative risk reduction. Double-bolus regimen.
moderate↓Improves

Research Citations (94)

Safety and efficacy of adjunctive tirofiban and eptifibatide in acute ischemic stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
(2026)
PMID: 41500359
Bivalirudin anticoagulation for cardiopulmonary bypass during cardiac surgery.
(2025)
PMID: 38084653
The efficacy and safety of bivalirudin and heparin in patients with acute coronary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
(2025)
PMID: 39930484
Effectiveness and safety of bivalirudin anticoagulation therapy in adult patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
(2025)
PMID: 40826747
Eptifibatide as an adjuvant therapy to thrombolysis versus thrombolysis alone in stroke management: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
(2025)
PMID: 40544389
Bivalirudin versus unfractionated heparin in patients with myocardial infarction undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
(2024)
PMID: 37872022
Meta-Analysis Comparing Bivalirudin Versus. Unfractionated Heparin in Adult Patients With Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation.
(2024)
PMID: 36449392
Bivalirudin versus heparin in contemporary percutaneous coronary interventions for patients with acute coronary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
(2024)
PMID: 37964648
Intraoperative Bivalirudin Use in Patient Undergoing Femoral Endarterectomy with Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia: Case Report and Review of the Literature.
(2024)
PMID: 38016142
Heparin Versus Bivalirudin for Anticoagulation in Adult Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
(2023)
PMID: 36355803

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